The purpose of this study is to highlight on the ability of the alga Ulva fasciata to accumulate some organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons :PAHS, polychlorinated biphenyls: PCBs). The samples were collected from three sites at the Syr
ian coast during 2011.
The result of this study revealed the ability of alga to accumulate significantly the PAHs and their concentrations ranged from 30.52 to 72.7 ng/g dw, While the PCBs concentrations were less, it ranged between 6.00 and 24.01 ng/g dw.
The highest concentration of PAHs was observed at the Dirasat site, while the highest concentration of the PCBs found at the Cornish of Jablah. The logarithm bioconcentration factors (log BCF) of the aromatic compounds with three aromatic rings were close to the logarithm octanol/water partitioning coefficients (log Kow ), unlike the compounds with higher rings, where log BCF were obviously less than corresponding log Kow.
The log BCF values of PCBs increased with increasing chlorine atoms (2 - 6 atoms) , while no increasing was observed for components that contain 7 to 8 chlorine atoms
This study examines the ability of some marine algae (Padina pavonica and Hypnea musciformis) on accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS). The samples were collected from five sites on the Syrian coast during 2011.
The study revealed t
hat the studied algae were able to accumulate PAHs. Their concentrations in Padina pavonica ranged from 21.53 to 54.76 ng/g dw, While in Hypenea they ranged from 43.59 to 24.96. ng/g dw.
The Padina Pavonica of DIRASAT site accumulated the largest amount of PAHs compounds, while the highest concentrations of these compounds in Hypenea Musciformis were observed in the BISTAN AL-BASHA site. Fluorine and phenanthrene recorded high concentration in the studied algae in comparison with the rest of the aromatic compounds containing three aromatic rings, and the total concentration of the compounds with three rings was higher than that in those compounds with four or five aromatic rings.
The logarithm bioconcentration factors (log BCF) of the aromatic compounds with three aromatic rings was close to the logarithm octanol/water partitioning coefficients (log Kow ), unlike the compounds with higher rings, where log BCF was obviously less than that in the corresponding log Kow.
The biochemical composition of some species of Phaeophyceae (Cystoseira):
Cystoseira compressa, Cystoseira barbata, Cystoseira elegans, Cystoseira amentacea,
Cystoseira barbatula, Cystoseira caespitosa, have been studied. The algal specimens have
been collected from Ibn Hani coast north of lattakia in spring 2014. The soluble sugar
varies between (13- 56.78%) weight/dry weight [w/dw]. C.amentacea has the highest
content of proteins (21.76%), and C.barbata has the lowest (9.51%). Lipid varied between
(1.25- 5.55%) [w/dw]. The highest content of ash was in C.caespitosa (31.18%), and the
lowest in C.amentacea (23.84%). Iodine was: C.compressa and C.caespitosa (0.68 %),
C.barbata (0.69 %), C.barbatula (0.7%), C.amentacea (0.71%), C.elegans (0.8%).
Mannitol was within the range (2.91-4%) [w/dw]. Results of biochemical composition of
studied species showed the differences between the percentage of values, and this variety
affects on the economical value for the species, also affects on the major herbivorous food,
that affects on their environment and their community composition.
The study focused in this research to determine the trace of some heavy metal
elements (Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd, Lead Pb) in some types of marine macroalgae
scattered on the shore of the city of Banias during 2014, using atomic absorption
spectrosco
py (technology flame Flame- AAS).
The results indicate that the concentrationsofeach of Copper, Cadmium and Lead
have a link with macroalgae types, sampling sites from direction, and Source of pollution
on the other hand; it was observed that the accumulation of heavy metals in both of
Sargassum vulgare (browen algae) and Enteromorpha linza (green algae) was more than
red algae.
Copper concentration ranged between 1.291 ppm and 11.716 ppm in the studied
species, Reaching the highest value in the Enteromorpha linzaalgae and the lowest in
Sargassum vulgarealgae, the highest value of Lead element was (59.354 ppm) in
Enteromorpha linzaand the lowest value of it was (6.46 ppm) in Ulva fasciata, While the
highest values of the element Cadmium recorded (10.457 ppm) in Enteromorpha linza and
the lowest (0.666 ppm) in Ulva fasciata.
Seasonal changes effect on yield and quality of carrageenan from the Syrian
marine alga Hypnea musciformis were studied during 1 year. The carrageenan
yield varied from 31 to 46%. The maximum yield was recorded between April
and September, while l
ow carrageenant content was recorded in December.
The gel strength of carrageenan was maximum in September (260 g/cm²) and
minimum in March (90 g/cm²). The viscosity ranged from 22 to 44cP with a
peak recorded in September. Seasonal variations were not observed in the
gelling (42-50 C°) and melting (60-70 C°) temperatures of carrageenan. The
results indicate that Hypnea musciformis can be considered a good sources for
production of commercial carrageenan in future.
This study investigated the effect of the water extract of two types
of algae which spread in Syrian marine: Colpomenia sinuosa
(Brown) and Ulva fasciata (green) and a combination of them in
the cultivation on tomato and tobacco seeds with concent
rations of
(1: 2 1: 4 1: 6 1: 8 1:10 1: 20) By adding 5ml of each
concentration, and comparing it with the control sample with only
distilled water added, the comparison was made in terms of: The
germination, stem length, root length, root branch.
The extracted oil from Gundelia Tournefortii seeds, which belongs to Asteraceae
family and which is known as one of the medical herbal plants that is widely spread in the
Syrian environment, was isolated using soxhlet continuous extraction. It's ch
emical
composition was determined by GC/MS (Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry). The
analysis led to identification of 20 components. The extracted oil was characterized by
high content of Linoleic Acid (52.9%), Palmitic Acid (20.1%) and Squalene (10.1%).
