We show that electric field noise from surface charge fluctuations can be a significant source of spin decoherence for near-surface nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. This conclusion is based on the increase in spin coherence observed when the
diamond surface is covered with high-dielectric-constant liquids, such as glycerol. Double resonance experiments show that improved coherence occurs even though the coupling to nearby electron spins is unchanged when the liquid is applied. Multipulse spin echo experiments reveal the effect of glycerol on the spectrum of NV frequency noise.
We discuss multipulse magnetometry that exploits all three magnetic sublevels of the S=1 nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond to achieve enhanced magnetic field sensitivity. Based on dual frequency microwave pulsing, the scheme works in arbitrary magne
tic bias fields and is twice as sensitive to ac magnetic fields as conventional two-level magnetometry. We derive the spin evolution operator for dual frequency microwave excitation and show its effectiveness for double-quantum state swaps. Using multipulse sequences of up to 128 pulses under optimized conditions, we show enhancement of the SNR by up to a factor of 2 in detecting NMR statistical signals, with a 4 times enhancement theoretically possible.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance and negative magnetoresistance for in-plane fields are compared for the LaAlO3 /SrTiO3 interface and the symmetric Nb-doped SrTiO3 heterostructure. Both effects are exceptionally strong in LaAlO3 /SrTiO3 . We analyze the
ir temperature, magnetic field and gate voltage dependencies and find them to arise from a Rashba type spin-orbit coupling with magnetic scatterers that have two contributions to their potential: spin exchange and Coulomb interaction. Atomic spin-orbit coupling is sufficient to explain the small effects observed in Nb-doped SrTiO3 . These results clarify contradicting transport interpretations in SrTiO3 -based heterostructures.
We report the electron doping in the surface vicinity of KTaO_3 by inducing oxygen-vacancies via Ar^+ -irradiation. The doped electrons have high mobility (> 10^4 cm^2/Vs) at low temperatures, and exhibit Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations with both two-
and three-dimensional components. A disparity of the extracted in-plane effective mass, compared to the bulk values, suggests mixing of the orbital characters. Our observations demonstrate that Ar^+ -irradiation serves as a flexible tool to study low dimensional quantum transport in 5d semiconducting oxides.
Pressure-dependent, low temperature inelastic light (Raman) scattering measurements of KCuF$_3$ show that applied pressure above $P^{*} sim$ 7 kbar suppresses a previously observed structural phase transition temperature to zero temperature in KCuF$_
3$, resulting in the development of a $omegasim$ 0 fluctuational (quasielastic) response near $T sim$ 0 K. This pressure-induced fluctuational response --- which we associate with slow fluctuations of the CuF$_6$ octahedral orientation --- is temperature independent and exhibits a characteristic fluctuation rate that is much larger than the temperature, consistent with quantum fluctuations of the CuF$_6$ octahedra. A model of pseudospin-phonon coupling provides a qualitative description of both the temperature- and pressure-dependent evolution of the Raman spectra of KCuF$_3$.
The electronic structure of low-density n-type SrTiO3 delta-doped heterostructures is investigated by angular dependent Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. In addition to a controllable crossover from a three- to two-dimensional Fermi surface, clear beat
ing patterns for decreasing dopant layer thicknesses are found. These indicate the lifting of the degeneracy of the conduction band due to subband quantization in the two-dimensional limit. Analysis of the temperature-dependent oscillations shows that similar effective masses are found for all components, associated with the splitting of the light electron pocket. The dimensionality crossover in the superconducting state is found to be distinct from the normal state, resulting in a rich phase diagram as a function of dopant layer thickness.
We study the Higgs sector of the minimal supersymmetric standard model extended with vector-like quarks, at the one-loop level. The radiative corrections to the tree-level masses of the scalar Higgs bosons are calculated by including the contribution
s from the loops of top quark, vector-like quarks, and their scalar superpartners, for a reasonable parameter region. We find that the mass of the lightest scalar Higgs boson at the one-loop level should be larger than 85 GeV, if we take into account the negative experimental result for the Higgs search at LEP2. As the radiative corrections are calculated in some detail, we also find that the mass of the lightest scalar Higgs boson at the one-loop level is bounded from above at 280 GeV, This upper bound is increased from a previous result. It may provide a wider possibility for the future collider experiments to discover the lightest scalar Higgs boson of this model.
We present temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction and temperature- and field-dependent Raman scattering studies of single crystal Mn3O4, which reveal the novel magnetostructural phases that evolve in the spinels due to the interplay between strong s
pin-orbital coupling, geometric frustration, and applied magnetic field. We observe a structural transition from tetragonal to monoclinic structures at the commensurate magnetic transition at T2=33K, show that the onset and nature of this structural transition can be controlled with an applied magnetic field, and find evidence for a field-tuned quantum phase transition to a tetragonal incommensurate or spin glass phase.
Aims: Our primary goal is to search for planets around intermediate mass stars. We are also interested in studying the nature of radial velocity (RV) variations of K giant stars. Methods: We selected about 55 early K giant (K0 - K4) stars brighter
than fifth magnitude that were observed using BOES, a high resolution spectrograph attached to the 1.8 m telescope at BOAO (Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory). BOES is equipped with $I_2$ absorption cell for high precision RV measurements. Results: We detected a periodic radial velocity variations in the K0 III star gam1leo with a period of P = 429 days. An orbital fit of the observed RVs yields a period of P = 429 days, a semi-amplitude of K = 208 mps, and an eccentricity of e = 0.14. To investigate the nature of the RV variations, we analyzed the photometric, CaII $lambda$ 8662 equivalent width, and line-bisector variations of gam1leo. We conclude that the detected RV variations can be best explained by a planetary companion with an estimated mass of m $sin i = 8.78 M_{Jupiter}$ and a semi-major axis of $a = 1.19$ AU, assuming a stellar mass of 1.23 Msun.
The observed performances of carbon nanotube field effect transistors are examined using first-principles quantum transport calculations. We focus on the nature and role of the electrical contact of Au and Pd electrodes to open-ended semiconducting n
anotubes, allowing the chemical contact at the surface to fully develop through large-scale relaxation of the contacting atomic configuration. We present the first direct numerical evidence of Pd contacts exhibiting perfect transparency for hole injection as opposed to that of Au contacts. Their respective Schottky barrier heights, on the other hand, turn out to be fairly similar for realistic contact models. These findings are in general agreement with experimental data reported to date, and show that a Schottky contact is not merely a passive ohmic contact but actively influences the device I-V behavior.
