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Identification of Biologically Important Compounds In Neem Leaves Through GC-MS Analysis

تحديد المركبات المهمة بيولوجيًا في أوراق النيم من خلال تحليل GC-MS

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 Publication date 2021
  fields Pharmacy
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) is an important tree species that is known to posses anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and sedative properties. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify various compounds present in the leaf extract of neem and to enlist various biological activities of these compounds through literature survey. Methodology: Extract of neem was obtained by soaking 100 g dry powdered leaves in 1000 mL methanol followed by filtration. This was successively fractioned using n-hexane and chloroform. Results: GC-MS analysis of the chloroform fraction was performed and 7 compounds namely 2-pentanol, acetate (9.72%); decane (8.96%); 11-oxa-dispiro[4.0.4.1]undecan-1-ol (6.56%); nonanoic acid, 9-(3-hexenylidenecyclopropylidene)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (7.13%); quinoline-4-carboxamide, 2-phenyl-N-n-octyl- (9.79%); nonacosane (44.27%) and tetratriacontane (13.43%) were identified. Conclusion: Literature survey showed that the identified compounds possessed antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة تحليل المركبات النشطة بيولوجياً في أوراق شجرة النيم (Azadirachta indica) باستخدام تقنية GC-MS. تم جمع أوراق النيم من لاهور، باكستان وتجفيفها ثم استخراج المركبات باستخدام الميثانول. بعد ذلك، تم تجزئة المستخلص باستخدام n-hexane والكلوروفورم. أظهرت نتائج تحليل GC-MS وجود سبعة مركبات رئيسية في الكلوروفورم، وهي: 2-pentanol, acetate (9.72%)، decane (8.96%)، 11-oxa-dispiro[4.0.4.1]undecan-1-ol (6.56%)، nonanoic acid, 9-(3-hexenylidenecyclopropylidene)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (7.13%)، quinoline-4-carboxamide, 2-phenyl-N-n-octyl- (9.79%)، nonacosane (44.27%)، tetratriacontane (13.43%). أظهرت المراجعة الأدبية أن هذه المركبات تمتلك خصائص مضادة للجراثيم، مضادة للفطريات، مضادة للسرطان، سامة للخلايا، مضادة للالتهابات، مضادة للأكسدة، ومضادة للفيروسات. تشير الدراسة إلى أن أوراق النيم تحتوي على مركبات فعالة بيولوجياً يمكن استخدامها في التطبيقات الطبية والزراعية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تقدم هذه الدراسة معلومات قيمة حول المركبات النشطة بيولوجياً في أوراق النيم، ولكن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، لم يتم تقديم تفاصيل كافية حول الظروف التجريبية مثل درجة الحرارة والوقت المستخدمين في عملية الاستخلاص، مما يجعل من الصعب تكرار التجربة بدقة. ثانياً، كان من المفيد تضمين مقارنة بين فعالية المركبات المستخلصة من النيم ومركبات أخرى معروفة بخصائصها البيولوجية. أخيراً، الدراسة تفتقر إلى التجارب الحيوية التي تؤكد فعالية المركبات المستخلصة في التطبيقات العملية، مما يجعل النتائج النظرية بحاجة إلى تحقيق عملي لتأكيدها.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي المركبات الرئيسية التي تم تحديدها في مستخلص أوراق النيم؟

    تم تحديد سبعة مركبات رئيسية وهي: 2-pentanol, acetate، decane، 11-oxa-dispiro[4.0.4.1]undecan-1-ol، nonanoic acid, 9-(3-hexenylidenecyclopropylidene)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester، quinoline-4-carboxamide, 2-phenyl-N-n-octyl-، nonacosane، tetratriacontane.

  2. ما هي الخصائص البيولوجية للمركبات التي تم تحديدها في الدراسة؟

    أظهرت المراجعة الأدبية أن المركبات المحددة تمتلك خصائص مضادة للجراثيم، مضادة للفطريات، مضادة للسرطان، سامة للخلايا، مضادة للالتهابات، مضادة للأكسدة، ومضادة للفيروسات.

  3. ما هي التقنية المستخدمة في تحليل المركبات في هذه الدراسة؟

    تم استخدام تقنية GC-MS (كروماتوغرافيا الغاز-مطياف الكتلة) لتحليل المركبات في مستخلص أوراق النيم.

  4. ما هو المركب الأكثر وفرة في مستخلص أوراق النيم وفقاً للدراسة؟

    المركب الأكثر وفرة هو nonacosane بنسبة 44.27% من مساحة الذروة.


References used
Legua P., Domenech A., Martinez J. J., Sanchez-Rodriguez L., Hernandez F., Carbonell-Barrachina A. A. and Melgarejo P. Bioactive and volatile compounds in sweet cherry cultivars. J. Food Nutr. Res. 2017; 5:844-851.
Haron N. H., Toha Z. M., Abas R., Hamdan M. R., Azman N., Khairuddean M. and Arsad H. In vitro cytotoxic activity of Clinacanthus nutans leaf extracts against hela cells. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2019; 20:601-609.
Abdul-Hadi K. S., Fadhil H. L. and Hadi H. I. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrum and FT-IR techniques for methanolic extract of Digitalis purpurea and investigation of its anti-microbial activity. EBSCO Inf. Ser. 2018; 9:1305-1310.
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