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Evaluation The Hydrogeological Conditions of The Unconfined Aquifer in The Area Located Between The AL-Sin and AL-Rous Rivers in the Syrian Coast

تقويم الظروف الهيدروجيولوجية لطبقة المياه الجوفية الحرة في المنطقة الواقعة بين نهري السن و الروس في الساحل السوري

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 Publication date 2018
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The research area is located in the Syrian coast between the Sin and Rous river. This research aims at studying the hydrogeological characteristics of the unconfined aquifer in the research area and evaluating the conditions of its placed. The research was based on a monitoring network consisting of 36 wells that penetrate the unconfined aquifer, and measurements continued during the period (October 2016 until September 2017). The unconfined groundwater depths in the research area range between 0.5-11.5 m, and sometimes during the drought period reach to 13.5 m, while it is close to the surface in the winter and up to 0.1m in some wells. The electrical conductivity ranges between 550-3700 μs/cm, increasing as we go west and reaching 9,000 μs/cm and more in the wells near the sea during the dry period. Groundwater levels Lower in the dry period to below sea level in near-shore wells, achieves the hydrodynamic conditions of the seawater intrusion.



References used
HARTLEY, J.; HOLDSWORTH, R. E.; MORTON, A. C.; STOKER, M. S. Groundwater in the Celtic Regions: Studies in Hard Rock and Quaternary Hydrogeology. London, 2000, 282
SEN, Z. Applied Hydrogeology for Scientists & Engineers. CRC press. Inc, U.S.A, 1995, 434
HOLMEN, L.G.; STIGSSON, M. Modelling of future hydrogeological conditions at SFR. Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co., Stockholm (Sweden). 32, 2001, 12-40
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This is a study of free groundwater level changes through time, and the level of its being affected by natural and artificial factors, which allows evaluating general water situation of the aquifer. This study shows that groundwater system in the stu dy area from the type of water division line (climatic system) connects in direct connection with infiltration from rainfalls in which the natural factors (recharge) play the main role in forming the system of groundwater, in addition to the artificial factors (irrigation), and these factors yield three periods of the obvious terminal changes of the levels in hydrologic year (descending, stability, ascending). However, groundwater is renewable because of stability in the situations of this water, and its discharge to hydrodynamic net of groundwater in Al-kabir al-shimali and Al-snobar rivers and in the Mediterranean Sea as well.
This research discusses the way of defining hydogeological parameters by using monitored data of the ground water system, for defining the values of these coefficients on large areas, which has a practical significance especially in modeling the hy drogeological problems which allows explaining and checking the hydrodynamic and the hydrogeological structures of the area and the reasons of changing the filteration properties of the aquifer. It appears that transmissivity varied from 36 to 570 m2/day, the permeability from 1 to 53 m/day, and the water yield from low to medium between 0.00004 and 0.2 because of the rising of the coefficient of diffusion. The filtration recharge approximately from 1 - 40% from the rain falls. The obtained results are in good conformity with the geological characteristics - structural and litologic - facies characteristics for the study area.
AlSin Spring spurts at the foot of coastal mountains and pours in The Mediterranean sea near Arab-Almulk village. Presently, spring water used for drinking, irrigation and industry, while excess water goes to sea. Current research aims to determin e the daily discharge response to daily rainfall, and to set an equation for recession discharge for predicting spring discharge and volumes of flow after definite time from the beginning of spring base flow, which allows to operate and manipulate available water resources through an optimum design of water intake from this spring. Response time of AlSin Spring between (3-5) days for average discrete daily rainfall with high intensity which caused 0.5 ~ 1.0 m3/sec increasing in spring discharge value. Yearly discharge trends to decrease with a rate of 0.0975 m3/sec between 1974 and 2016 years. While the monthly minimum discharges increase about 0.1284 m3/sec, and monthly maximums decrease about 0.0752 m3/sec between 1994 and 2016. We recommend adopting recession curve analysis to predict the optimal discharge of springs within definite periods.
The study and design of water-intakes on springs is based on the analysis of time series of historical measurements to achieve prediction of incoming water volumes or future expected. The research aims to model the monthly water flows of AL-SIN Sp ring in Syrian Coast and future expectations of these flows, by adopting the Box-Jenkins models to analyze the time series data, due to its reliable accuracy. Monthly water flows, thus, monthly volumes, for 101 month (from June 2008 to October 2016) were processed. Performing the stability of the time series on variance and median and non-seasonality and making the wanted tests on model residuals, we found that the best model to represent the data is SARIMA(2,0,1) (2,1,0)12 , and after dividing the data into 81 month to build the model and 20 month to test it. Depending on the smallest of weighted mean of criteria RMSE, MAP, MAE,. The best predicted model was SARIMA (3,1,0) (1,1,0)12 and the model gave the nearest predicted values to actually measured data in spring.
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