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Register a new userA Study of some factors affecting the natural Regeneration of Pinus brutia Ten. In some locations burned in Lattakia (Qurdaha region)
دراسة بعض العوامل المؤثرة في التجدد الطبيعي للصنوبر البروتي Pinus brutia Ten. في بعض المواقع المحروقة في محافظة اللاذقية (منطقة القرداحة)
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2017
fields
Forestry and Ecology
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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يهدف البحث إلى دراسة واقع التجدد الطبيعي للصنوبر البروتي في منطقة القرداحة و تحديد أهم العوامل المؤثرة في هذا التجدد. أُخذت 42 عينة دائرية، بلغت مساحة كل عينة 400 م2. أُجريت فيها القياسات التالية: الإحداثيات الجغرافية لمركز كل عينة، الارتفاع عن سطح البحر، المعرض، الانحدار، سماكة الفرشة الغابوية، نسبة الحصى و الحجارة و الصخور، التغطية الشجرية و الشجيرية و العشبية. نُفذت كشوف حراجية نباتية ضمن كل عينة باستخدام طريقة براون-بلانكيه. حيث سُجلت أعداد بادرات الصنوبر البروتي ، و قُدرت أعمار هذه البادرات و قيست أقطارها و ارتفاعاتها.كما سُجل عدد أشجار الصنوبر البروتي غير المحروقة و المحروقة ضمن كل عينة. أظهرت النتائج وجود تأثير معنوي سلبي للانحدار و تأثير معنوي إيجابي للتغطية العشبية، إذ بلغت نسبة تصنيف البيانات من قبل النموذج 74.4%، كما بلغت قيمة Nagelkerke R2 قيمة مقدارها 37%. ينبع الدور السلبي للانحدار من زيادة مخاطر تعرض التربة للانجراف و إلى الفقد في عناصرها الغذائية. بالمقابل فإن الدور الإيجابي للتغطية العشبية ينبع من مساهمتها في التخفيف من مخاطر الجفاف الصيفي الذي من الممكن أن تتعرض له البادرات.
This research aimed to study the natural regeneration of Pinus brutia in Qurdaha region, and to determine the most important factors affecting the regeneration. 42 circular samples were taken, the area of each sample was 400m2. The following measurements were taken: geographic coordinates of each sample's centre, altitude, aspect, the slope, forest litter thickness, the proportion of gravels, stones and rocks, tree, bushes and herb cover. Forest inventories were achieved using Braun-Blanquet method. Which, the number of sample seedlings, the seedling height, seedling diameter, the seedling age, burning trees and alive trees of Pinus brutia were registered. The results showed a significant negative effect of slope and a significant positive effect of herb cover, where the percentage of data classification by the model was reached 74.4%, while the Nagelkerke R2value was 37%. The negative effect of the slope comes from increasing the risks of soil erosion and the loss in their nutritional elements. In contrast, the positive effect of herbal coverage is the contribution to reducing the risks of summer drought that can be affect the seedlings.
References used
Catav, SukruSerter; Ismail, Bckar; Busra, SedaAtes; Gokhan, Ergan; Funda, Oymak; Elif, DenziUlker and Cagatay, Tavsanoglu. Germination response of five eastern Mediterranean woody species to smoke solutions derived from various plants. Turk J Bot, 36, 2012, 480-487
Clarke, Peter J.; Kirsten, J. E. Knox; Monica, L. Campbell and Lachlan, M. Copeland. Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Table Bioregion.Cunninghamia, 11 (2), 2009,221-239
Langer, Andreas; Jukka, Miettinen and Florian, Siegert.Land cover change 2002–2005 in Borneo and the role of fire derived from MODIS imagery. Global Change Biology, 13, 2007, 2329–2340
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The importance of this modern technology (remote sensing) follows from the fact that it allows estimating the wood stock by knowing the value of the NDVI index, which reduces the high cost and great effort needed by traditional forestry measurements.
Estimation of tree and stand volume is a key calculation for productive forest
management (de Miguel et al., 2012). A precise estimation of tree volume needs to take the
variation in bole forms into account while calculation, this can be done by es
timating tree
form factor.
This study aims to construct a mathematical model to calculate the form factor of
brutia pine trees grown in the regions of Rabiaa in northern Latakia. The form factor model
can help foresters to precisely estimate the volume of tree and forest stands.
During the period 2008-2011, 72 pine trees of various ages and sizes, located in
natural stands of different densities and site qualities, were felled.
Diameters at different heights of the felled trees were measured; trees volumes and
volumes of equivalent cylinders were calculated, and consequently the values of tree form
factor were computed. The dataset was randomly split into two parts, 75% (55 trees) of the
data for constructing form factor model and 25% (17 trees) for model validation.
A form factor model was obtained using the non-linear regression equations in the
statistical program SPSS. Value of the coefficient of determination adjusted (R²adj) was
about 0.81. The model has been validated using several statistical methods, the relative
bias ( e%) was ca. 17.9%, while the value of model accuracy ) % x m ) was 22.9 %. In
order to obtain lower value of model relative bias and higher value of accuracy it’s
recommended to use a larger database comprising all distribution areas of pine in Syria.
The study was achieved in 2014-2015 at Dahr Khribat stone pine forest, Latakia. to
determine the factors affecting the natural regeneration of the stand. The results of climate
studies indicated that the region is located in the semi-wet climate fl
oor with a mild winter
as the average of rainfall thermal coefficient reached (Q2 = 72.01). The study showed that
the low productivity of cones (20 kg con / tree) was one of the limiting factors of natural
regeneration. The trees high density (462 tree / ha), led to a decrease in tree diameter at
breast level (30 cm) and low coronary size (320.2 m3).
Seed germination was not affected by illumination periods, while salinity levels led
to a significant decrease in germination from 90% at control to 19% at 0.5 mol / l.
All of one year old sapling or seedling were dead during summer months, while more
than 90% of two years old cultivated sapling, survived in all treatments, but no significant
differences among them.
This study aimed to estimate the height of the Pinus brutia trees in Kafardabeel
forested area- Jableh. Eight mathematical forms (Michailoff, Prodan, Petterson, Parabel,
Korsun, Logarithmic, Freese, Chapman-Richards) were used.
In 2015, the diamet
er of 330 trees at breast height (dbh) were measured, and only
heights of 165 of them were taken. Measurements were carried out in 15 sample plots all
over the study area to cover site variations in altitude, exhibition, gradient and density.
Data were split into two parts: 116 tree (70%) were used for model constrction, while the
remaining trees 49 tree (30%) were used for model validation.
The Results showed that, Parabel had the highest value for the Coefficient of
Determination (R²=0.53) and the lowest value of the relative accuracy (mx%) (17.665%).
That means it was the the best model to calculate tree height using diameter at breast
height. This model can help foresters in forest management planning for study area and
similar sites.
Pinus brutia cover 67.87% of AlFronloq protected area, this forest provide habitat
for wildlife especially forest birds. The aim of this study is to define bird species that use
Pinus brutia forest and their relation to vegetation characteristics.W
e listed 63 bird species,
9 of them recorded for first time, 31.8% of species are resident in study area, where
raptors presented 15.9%.
The study showed positive correlation between species richness and plant richness
(R=0.588, P= 0.007). Shrubs layer coverage and richness affected positively bird species
richness and density. The study showed also decreasing of bird species richness with
Altitude, while raptors richness were increased with Altitude.The dominat species were
Coal tit Parus ater, wren Troglodytes troglodytes ,whereas species like Chaffinch Fringilla
coelebs, chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita were the most abundant.
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