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Register a new userStudy the Effect of Rainfall Characteristics (raindrop effect – rainfall intensity - rainfall relay ) on the Water Erosion of the Soil
دراسة تأثير خصائص الأمطار (فعل القطرات - الشدة المطرية - التتابع المطري) على الانجراف المائي للتربة
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Soil And Water
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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أجري هذا البحث بهدف معرفة تأثير قطرات المطر من حيث قوة الصدم و ارتباطها بالشدة المطرية و كذلك التتابع المطري على كمية التربة المنجرفة و المياه المنجرفة الناتجة عن الانجراف المائي .
This research was conducted in order to determine the impact of raindrops in terms of force of impact and its relation to rain intensity as well as the relay rain on the amount of soil eroded and water drifting due to water erosion .
References used
Joffe, J.s . 1949. Pedology (The Second Edition) . Pedology Publications., New York, New Jersey
Williams, J.D.,McCool, D.K. 2008. soil erosion by water. Encyclopedia of Ecology 3284-3290
Ellison. W.D. (1945) Some effects of raindrop and surfaceflow on soil erosion and infiltration, Trans. Am. Geophy. Union. , 26(3):415-429
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The study aimedtoalertthe danger oferosionare three types ofsoilsexposedby
calculatingthe amount ofsoilerodedfromthe impact ofthe
Cascadefiverainstormsequalintensity, thosesoils, has been securedsoilsnecessaryfor the
studyofseveral areas ofdiffere
nt provincesin Syria, where he wasplaced in thebasin,
thenoffered forrainstormsbymobile(Rainfall Simulation),andaftereveryrainstormwas
recordedreadingsfor the loss ofsoilfromeachbasinrunoffandinfiltration.
The results of thisstudy showedthe effectin terms oftexturesin thedrift,
themoremechanicalgroupsdriftingin the threesoilsareprimarilysiltgroup, followed by the
mudpack, thensand, and clay soilswith ahigh percentageofsiltmosterosionofclay soilswith
alowpercentageofsilt, followed bysandyclayloamsoils, wherethe amount ofsoillostfromthe
clay soilreachedwith a high contentofsilt147.7t/ h/y, andthe lowclaycontentofsilt118.5t/
h/y, while the soilwithtexturesLummisandyclay, reaching 90.5t / h/y.And soil erosion that
attaches primarily by college carbonates then dispersion ratio of organic matter and then
finally percentage silt.
Soil water erosion is a major factor of land degradation in the coastal slopes of Syria, and in the long run represents a real threat to the environment and natural resources such as soil, water and vegetation cover.
River flows depend on precipitation in their catchments, where the flow is highly
correlated with precipitation, among many climatic and geographic factors. The
relationship between precipitation and runoff is of great importance in estimating flow
changes in The HWAIZ basin that is located between The-Zrod and The-Gelani basins.
The Al-HWAIZ Dam was built on the HWAIZ River with storage capacity of 16.5 MCM.
The purpose of this study is to find a relationship between rainfall and runoff in The
HWAIZ basin. This study depended on statistical analysis of rainfall and runoff data, and
the analytical study of the annual rainfall data (1959-2011), to guess the trend of rainfall
and its future changes and forecasting changes in the HWAIZ river flows. The study
showed that the runoff coefficient values ranged between (0.007-0.66). A mathematical
relationship was established that allows to estimate flow based on measured or predicted
precipitation values, as well as appraise missing or lacking data with accepted level of
accuracy.
Al-Kabeer River Coastal Plain faces very important economic activities which lead to growing water demands. This research aims to define the relationship between rainfall and subterranean-water levels. In the mountainous area fissured marl and limest
one with high permeability spread. However, on the coastal plateau deposits with moderate to low permeability values spread, and water levels quickly respond to rainfall and irrigation water, which makes it get easily polluted and affected by climatic factors. Analyses and discussions of field data have led to the fact that subterranean-water levels are to do with many natural and artificial interrelated parameters. And in some cases, they can be adversely oriented, and difficult to isolate and monitor separately, and become very difficult to derive mathematical formula for describing the relationship between just two parameters (subterranean-water percentages and rainfall levels)
The Alsafarqieh watershed is located on the western slopes of the coastal mountain range,
Its area is 132.58 km2, It forms a part of the Alros river basin, The river starts at a height of
1200 m, A group of tributaries meet and form the Alros River
, which flows into the
Mediterranean Sea. Salaheddin Dam was constructed to store 10 MCM on the riverbed at
the intersection of the Qurdaha River with the Shehada River. The study aims to determine
the rainfall- runoff relationship in The Alsafarqieh watershed. The solution depends on the
statistical analysis of precipitation and runoff data. Then the study found the mean annual
precipitation is 159.6 MCM/year, and the mean annual flow into the Salaheddin lake was
9.4 MCM during the study period (2010-2012), so the runoff coefficient is 0.06. This
indicates a significant water loss. A mathematical equation to predict the runoff quantities
depending on the values of precipitation, has been concluded. This is important to study
water projects for water storage and flood prevention.
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