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Register a new userIsolation and efficacy evaluation of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuil. Against larvae and pupae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
عزل الفطر Beauveria bassiana (Bals.)Vuil. و تقييم فاعليته على يرقات و عذارى دودة ورق القطن Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
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تم عزل 6 عزلات من الفطر Beauveria bassiana من الترب المحلية في الساحل السوري من أنظمة بيئية طبيعية و زراعية مختلفة، باستخدام يرقات العمر الأخير من دودة الشمع الكبرى كطعم (Galleria bait method). بلغت القدرة الإمراضية للعزلات الست على يرقات دودة الشمع الكبرى Galleria mellonella بالعمر الأخير 100% كنسبة مئوية للموت بعد 3-5 أيام من المعاملة. اختبرت فاعلية العزلات على يرقات العمر الثالث لدودة ورق القطن Spodoptera littoralis لاختيار العزلة الأكثر شراسة على هذه الآفة. تراوحت النسب المئوية للموت بين 75-100% لجميع العزلات في اليوم الخامس من المعاملة، استخدم المعلق البوغي للفطر B. bassiana بالتركيز 106 بوغ/مل للعزلة التي تم اختيارها رشاً على عذارى دودة ورق القطن و بلغت النسبة المئوية لخروج البالغات 42% مقارنة مع الشاهد.
Six different isolates of the fungus Beauveria bassiana were isolated from local soils, which collected from two different ecosystems (Natural and Cultivated), at the Syrian Coastal region, using the "Galleria Bait Method". The mortality caused by these fungal isolates against Galleria mellonella larvae was 100% after 3- 5 days post treatment. The pathogenicity of these isolates was studied against 3rd instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis to detect the most virulent isolate. The mortality ranged from 75% to 100% for the all isolates at the 5th day post treatment. Spore suspension of the most virulent isolate was used at concentration 106spore/ml by spraying it on the pupae of S. littoralis. The percentage of adult emergence was 42% in the fungal treatment compared to the control treatment.
References used
ABBOTT, W.S. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 1, 1925, 265- 267
AHMAD, M., S. Al-MOUGHRABI and A. HAJ HASSAN. Survey of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Soils of Different Ecosystems in Lattakia. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 29: 2, 2011, 171-178
AHMED, A. M and M. H. EL- KATATNY. Entomopathogenic Fungi As Biopesticides Against The Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera Littoralis: Between Biocontrolpromise And Immune-Limitation. J. Egypt. Soc. Toxicol, 37: 1, 2007, 39- 51
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Biological tests were study the pathogenicity of four
local isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals) orginated
from, Latakia , Homs ,ICARDA Jableh on third larval age of Bactrocera oleae.
The pathogenicity of three isolates of the fungus Beauveria
bassiana (Bals.) Vuill were evaluated on potato tuber moth
Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lep.,Gelechiidae).
Gypsy moth (Lymantriadispar) is polyphagous insect .Therefore we had conducted
an experiment to determine the influence of the following plant hosts(Malussp, Quercussp
,Prunus. armeniaca, Platanusprientalis, Pinusnigra) onthe growth and development
of
gypsy moth's larvae.
The results showed that duration of larval development was the longest
onPinusnigra(77,1±5,46) days and the shortest on Malussp(37,5±4,96) days,for larval
growth in length and weight larvae had gained the higher length and weight on Malussp in
the order (62±1,9)m.m (2136±9,62) mg. on the other hand the lower length and weight
were on Pinusnigra in the order (38±2,44)m.m (545±7,91) m.g. mortality percent of larvae
was least on Malussp.and highest on Pinusnigra.
Finally, pupae had the best weight with shortest development duration on the
Malussp, while the least weight and longest development duration were on the Pinusnigra.
There were proportional indirect of larval percentage mortality on relation to plant host, it
was highest on lower preference plant.
This study was carried out to determine the efficiency of local Bacillus isolates to
control large wax moth larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) at GCSAR laboratory in 2012.
Infected larvae were collected from stored wax combs, and the bacteria Bacillus
genus were isolated from dead larvae, or that showing disease symptoms of black
brown spots on larvae cuticle. Bacterium was grown on T3 medium and identified
according to biochemical tests, and the efficacy of isolates was determined on pure
colonies of larvae. The results of biochemical tests showed that the isolates belong
to Bacillus thuringiensis. Isolates were different in pathogenicity. Bt5 isolate was
the most efficient to kill the larvae of large wax moth (72.4 %), and significantly
superior all other isolates (p ≤ 0.01). Bt1 isolate showed a significant difference
with control but non-significant difference with Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt6 and Bt7 isolates.
Samples from carrot and lettuce roots, sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,
and soil were collected from south of Damascus during 2001. 82 isolates were
isolated, 48 of them were isolated from roots, 27 from sarfuce of sclerotia, and
7 from soil
around roots. Antgonisim capacity of these isolates was tested
against S. Sclerotiorum in vitro. 7 bacterial isolates showed antagonistic effect
on the growth of S. Sclerotiorum, the antagonism distance ranged bettwen (1.3 –
11 mm). The Isolate (K82.4), which was isolated from soil, showed antagonistic
distance (11mm), and was the best of bacterial isolates. Three isolates were
iddentified (K82.4 isolated from lettuce soil, FN3 isolated from surface of
sclerotia, K4.4 isolated from carrot roots), that belong to Bacillus spp.
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