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Register a new userStudy of The Effect of Herbicide ( ٢،٤ – D + MCPA ) on Mitotic Iindex and Genetical Aberrations in Root Tips of Durum and Bread Wheat
دراسة تأثير المبيد العشبي (٢, ٤ – D + MCPA) في قرينة الانقسام، و تشوهات المادة الوراثية في نهايات جذور القمح القاسي و الطري
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
1999
fields
Biology
and research's language is
العربية
Authors
محمد سليمان( باحث )
Created by
Shamra Editor
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لقد تم التأثير في جذور القمح القاسي والطري بتعريضها لتراكيز ٠,٢% ٠,٨ % و ١,٢ ،%٠,٤ ،% من محلول مبيد (٢ , ٤ – D + MCPA) و لفترات ٢٠ ،١٥ ،١٠ ،٥ ساعة لكل تركيز، و مع تزايد زمن التعرض أدى ذلك إلى التأثير في الشدة الانقسامية و في أطوار الانقسام، و قد تجلى ذلك من خلال تحليل معامل الارتباط، و أبدى القمح القاسي قيمًا أعلى لمعامل الارتباط، و ظهرت تشوهات هجرة و جسور صبغية في التركيز ٠,٢ %، أما في التراكيز الأعلى فقد غابت الانقسامات نهائيًا، و ظهرت تشوهات مختلفة على المادة الوراثية: كتعدد نوى المادة الوراثية و تحللها و انفصال كتل DNA و تحطيم المادة الوراثية.
The roots of durum and bread wheat were treated with ٠,٢٪, ٠,٤٪, ٠,٨٪ and ١,٢٪ of the herbicide (٢،٤ - D + MCPA) for ٥, ١٠, ١٥ and ٢٠ hours. As the period of treatment increased, the effect on mitotic rate and mitotic phases was increased; this was indicated by the correlation coefficient. Durum wheat gave higher correlation coefficient. Chromosomal aberrations were noted during anaphase as a result of the treatment with ٠,٢٪ concentration. Mitosis was fully blocked and various genetical aberrations were observed as, multinuclei, separation of DNA pieces and distraction of genetical material appeared at higher concentration.
References used
Schwirkin A. C, High herpest of cereal culture. Moscow, ١٩٨٠ p. ٧٩-٨٠
Osin A. E., Cereals cultures in Belarussia. ١٩٧٨ . p. ١٠٦-١٠٧
Somashekar R. K. , Gowda M. T.G & Vankatasubbaia P., Cytological Effects of Fungicide Topsin in Allium cepa. Mysore. ١٩٨٤ p. ١٧٣
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This study was carried out at Karahta Station, Dept. of Field Crops
Researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(GCSAR) Damascus, Syria, during the growing seasons (2009-2010, 2010-2011).
The crosses were grown inatrial us
ing randomized complete block design
(RCBD) with three replicates in order to evaluate number of spikes per plant,
number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield per plant
and estimate some genetic indices: broad scenes heritability (BSH), narrow
scenes heritability (NSH), and genetic advance (GA). Seeds of five populations
of the three evaluated single hybrids were formed by crossing of five inbred
lines. Analysis of variance results showed significant differences among mean
values of the five populations of each cross for all studied traits. The results
revealed that the broad scenes heritability ranged between high and moderate
for the following productivity traits (SP/PL, GR/SP, TKW and GY/P) and it
was (75, 40, 57) (38, 80, 38) (74, 60, 85) and (73, 73, 71) for the three crosses,
respectively. Additive gene action noticed on most traits indicated less selection
cycles to improve these traits.
Several laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of
ten ACSAD durum and bread wheat landraces to salinity stress tolerance at
seedling stage. The salinity induction response technique was applied to assess
the genetic variabi
lity, and the effect of induction nature in improving the
tolerance to lethal levels of some abiotic stresses (drought and salinity). The
applied screening tool was rapid and efficient in assessing the genetic
variability for the response of studied durum and bread wheat landraces to
salinity stress tolerance.
Production, meiotic analysis, and description of morphological
characteristics of an intergeneric hybrids ABJ1J2 between durum wheat and
Thinopyrum junceiforme, are described. The hybrid resembled the wheatgrass.
It inherited the tillering habit,
perennial growth habit, and glaucous leaves and
stems from the wheatgrass. F1 is pollen and seed sterile, while BC1 and BC1F2
were pollen and seed fertile.
A landrace (Hourani-٢٧) and two newly introduced cultivars (ACSAD-٦٥
and Amra) were grown at five different locations (JUST, Shajarah, Hawarah,
Kharja and Turrah) with or without NP treatment.
This research aims to study the effect of Gebbrilin compounds, specially
GA٣, on the percentage of germination of seeds in different concentrations and
duration, Also the effect of this compound on the growth of the root cells and so
on the cellul
ar division.
It was observed from the results that these compounds had an evident effect
on the degree of germination within the low concentration, but it has an
opposition effect in the high concentrations. The results concerning the growth
of the roots are analogous to those of the germination results. An obvious
difference was in the reaction of wheat and barley to the different
concentrations of GA٣.
For the mitotic index no differences were observed compared to the control.
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