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Register a new userEvaluation Of Two Entomopathogenic Fungies Metarrhizium Sp. And Paecilomyces Sp. Against The Neonate Larvae Of Peach Flatheaded Rootborer Capnodis Tenebrionis
اختبار فعالية الفطرين الممرضين للحشرات الميتاريزيوم و الباسيلومايسس على اليرقات الفتية لكابنودس الدراق (Capnodis tenebrionis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae
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تعد حشرة الكابنودس .sp Capnodis من أهم الآفات التي تصيب اللوزيات في سورية، و قد عـزل الفطران الممرضان للحـشرات الميتـاريزيوم و الباسـيلومايس مـن يرقـات الكـابنودس Capnodis tenebrionis) Buprestidae: Coleoptera) على الدراق. أجريت هذه الدراسة بهدف تحديد القدرة 6 الإمراضية لهذين الفطرين على يرقات الكابنودس حديثة الفقس، و قـد اسـتخدم الفطـران بتركيـز 10 كونيديا/مل حيث غُمرت اليرقات بالمعلق الفطري ثم وضعت ضمن أفرع مشمش بقطـر 1 سـم تقريبـاً، وصلت نسبة الموت بعد أسبوعين من المعاملة إلى 95 % للفطر الممرض الميتـاريزيوم و 85 % للفطـر الممرض باسيلومايس.
The Peach flatheaded rootborder Capnodis sp. is the most important insect which attack stone-fruits in Syria, Entomopathogenic fungi Metarrhizium sp. and Paecilomyces sp. were isolated from larvae of Capnodis tenebrionis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) attacking peach. This study was conducted to reveal the pathogenicity of the two fungies against the neonate larvae of Peach flatheaded rootborder, The two fungies were used in a concentration 106 conidia/ml, dipping the larvae in fungal suspension ,then it was put in apricot branches by approximately 1 cm diameter, and mortality rates two weeks after inoculation with the suspension of each of the fungi was 95% for Metarrhizium sp. and 85% for Paecilomyces sp.
References used
Alfaro-Moreno, A. (2005). Entomologia Agraria. Los Parasitos Animales de las Plantas Cultivadas. Edit. Cándido Santiago Álvarez Diputación rovincial de Soria, pp. 219-221
Balashowsky, A. S. (1962). Entomologie applique'e à ľagriculture, Tome I. Coleoptères (vol. I). Masson et Cie editeurs, Paris. pp. 240- 259
De la Beffa, G. D. (1961). Giliiinsecti dannosi all’ agricultura de i moderni metodie mezzi di lotta. Editore Ulrico Hoepli, Milano. Pp.629- 630
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A Study was carried out to evaluate the ability of the methanolic, hydro and oily
extractions of anise seeds (Pimpinella anisum L.) to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic
fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger. The results showed a good in
hibition
ability of the alcoholic and hydro extractions on the growth of the studied fungi. The
inhibition ability differed due to the used concentrations. When the methanolic extraction
was used by concentrations (2, 4, and 6) mlg/ ml at the seventh day, the inhibition ability
was (42.5, 50.6 and 64.4)% of the fungus F. oxysporum, respectively. And was (23.6, 42.7
and 55.1)% of the fungus A. niger, respectively. Whereas when the hydro extraction was
used by the same concentrations, the inhibition ability was (59.2, 65.3 and 70)%
respectively for the fungus F. oxysporum, and (46.1, 58 and 61)% for the fungus A. niger,
respectively. The oily extraction showed high inhibition ability, where the inhibition rate
was 100% when the extraction was used by the two concentrations 50 and 75 μl for both
two studied fungi.
The compatibility between the varieties and the
percentage of budding success and the vigor and vegetative growth of these
varieties were studied. The plants growth was monitored and all the required
readings were taken from the beginning of buddi
ng at the end of summer until
the end of the next growth season.
The research was conducted in order to test the effect of each of the
filtrate T. viride and chitosan and sodium benzoate in filamentous
growth pathogenic fungi F. oxysporum and F. solani, and their
impact in protecting the seeds of peppers from t
hese two fungi, and
then assess the effectiveness of peroxidase enzyme in pepper plants
from seeds treated with the above-mentioned compounds.
The purpose of this present research isto evaluate two types of mucilage from two
types of jujubefruits: Z.jujube and z. Lotus, and to analyze the physicochemical and
functional properties of this mucilage.
The extraction process for both types we
re performed under the same conditions of
temperature, mixing ratio and proportion of the solvent used in the deposition process.
The yield of mucilage were extracted from Z .jujube is being 5.8 g mucilage/100g
dry weight, while the yield of Z. lotus is being to 25.23 g mucilage/100g dry weight
The values of pH, Refractive index, Hausnerindex, Compressibility index and
Swelling index for Z. jujube mucilage were: (6.32, 1.3348, 1.048, 4.68, 4.28) respectively
.While those values for Z. lotus mucilage were: (6.32, 1.3360, 1.162, 13.41, 5.42)
respectively. The specific gravity value for 1%solutionof Z. jujube mucilage were 1.0021
g/cm3while for Z. lotus mucilage: 1.0025g/cm3. The values of theBulk density and Tap
density for mucilage powder for Z. jujube ( 0.41- 0.43)g/cm3respectively, and for Z. lotus(
0.43- 0.50)g/cm3respectively.
As for the functional characteristics of thestudied mucilage, the values of water
holding capacity, viscosityand oil holding capacity were: 14.6g water/g dry mucilage, 1.19
centipoise, 2.52g oil/g dry mucilage and emulsification capacity 50% for Z. jujube. While
it was higher in the Z .lotus mucilage 34g water/g dry mucilage,1.23 centipoise,3.22 g oil/g
dry mucilage and emulsification capacity 51.6% .
These results indicate that the mucilage extracted from both mentioned types of
jujube can be used as stabilizer in the field of food industry.
Young sun flower plants were exposed to ultraviolet radiation of the type UV-B (295
nm) for 3 days (2 hours per day) with or without excluding the UV-radiations using
polyethylene layers (blue and transparent) (0.5 mm thick). The amount of photosyn
thesis
pigments was measured whereby a variation in the chlorophyll contents. Chlorophyll a
(chl.a) was noticed at these rates (without covering 19.59%, transparent polyethylene
3.40%, blue polyethylene 1.66%), chlorophyll b (chl.b) at rates (7.81, 25.13, 22.79%) and
the total chlorophyll content (2.88, 21.76, 20.53%), while the amount of carotenoid
pigments has increased in the studied samples (24.45, 19.23, 17.32%). A decrease in the
rate of photosynthetic electron transport has also been noticed (88.04, 78.71, 58.81%) in
the plant samples exposed to ultraviolet radiation (on the third day) without UV excluding
and with transparent and blue polyethylene successively. All results were compared to the
sample which was not exposed to radiation.
All results indicate the negative effect of ultraviolet radiation on the chlorophyll
content and the rate of photosynthetic electron transport, therefore, on photosynthesis and
the productivity of sun flower plants. They also point out the importance of carotenoid
pigments in protecting chlorophyll pigments from the negative effects of this radiation.
Results showed the clear positive effect of polyethylene layers, specifically the blue one, in
protecting plants against this radiation.
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