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Register a new userDetection of Internal Defects in Steel Billets by Ultrasonic Detector
الكشف عن العيوب الداخلية في بيليتات الفولاذ بالأمواج فوق الصوتية
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يهدف البحث إلى فحص عدد كبير من بيليتات الفولاذ المستوردة التي تسبب توقفاً و انقطاعاً في خطوط الإنتاج بطريقة الأمواج فوق الصوتية. أجري الفحص بجهاز الأمواج فوق الصوتية ( طريقة الصدى النبضي ) و باستخدام مسبر مباشر الذي يستخدم كمرسل و مستقبل بآن واحد. أظهرت نتائج الفحوصات إمكانية تحديد العيوب بدقة في البيليتات الفولاذية، كما أظهرت وجود تطابق جيد بين نتائج الاختبارات و عدد مرات الإيقافات و الانقطاعات بالإنتاج في المعمل. أظهرت الفحوصات أيضاً ضرورة استخدام طريقة الفحص هذه على البيليتات المستوردة التي تسبب إيقافات مستمرة في خطوط الإنتاج.
The present work, aims to inspect by ultrasonic method numbers of imported steel billets, which cause stopping and breaking in the production – lines. The inspection was done by using ultrasonic detector,(echo – pulse method), a straight – beam probe was used as a transducer and receiver, at the same time. The results of inspection showed the possibility of accurate defect determination in steel billets, and also showed a good agreement between the experimental results and the number of stopping and breaking in production in factory, and also the necessity to use that inspection method in the imported billets which cause the continuous breaking in the production – lines.
References used
BAILLIE. I , GRIFFITH. P, JIAN. X, DIXON. S – Implementing an Ultrasonic Inspection System to Find Surface and Internal Defects in Hot , Moving Steel Using EMATs – 2007, Vol 49,N;2- pp87 – 92, NDT. Net – www. ndt. Net
ERIKA MONICA POPA, IMRE KISS –Assessment of Surface Defects in the Continuously Cast Steel – ACTA THECNICA CORVINIENSIS, Bulletin of Engineering, 2011, Tom IV, ISSN 2067-3809
MANISH. RAJ, RAJESH KUMAR SAINI,KRISHNAN BALSURAMANIAN – Development of Ultrasonic C-Scan Imaging Technique for Optimization of Electo Magnetic Stirrer to Improve Steel Billet Quality – 18 World Conference on Nondestructive Testing – 2012, pp 10, Durban, South Africa
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This research aims to inspect the defects and discontinuities in steel billet by
ultrasonic detector. Straight beam probe used to detect a lot number of imported steel
billets that clearly have internal defects.
The results showed the possibility
of initial detection by straight beam probe, and
initial defining the types of defects such as, micro and macro cracks, shrinkage defect,
blow holing, inclusion, porosity and others type of internal defects.
The experiments showed that if the necessity is defining the size of defects, this
requires angle beam probe in addition to straight beam probe.
Basalt is classified as a isotropic rock in according to its mechanical
properties. But gypsum is considered isotropic transverse rock . coming
the mechanical parameters values joins practice direction of parameters
.
By using a nondestructive me
thod such as the ultrasonic test which
depends on understanding the effectual of mechanical properties upon
speed of ultrasonics inside rocks , one can indirectly predict the
mentioned parameters
Tests were completed within 35 gypsum and 11 basalt rocks specimens
which collected by completions under the direction of General
Organization for Land Development ( Directorate of Geological
Investigation).
This Paper offers an effective method to measure the length of the
femur in Fetal Ultrasound Images, it applies a series of steps
starting with the reducing amount of noise in these images, and
then converted them to a binary form and uses morphol
ogical
operations to segment the femur and isolate it from the rest of the
image objects, then it applies an Edge Detector in order to find the
edges of the bone, then uses the Hough Transform to detect straight
lines in the image. we apply overlapping for resulted lines on the
original image, finally we choose the most significant and longest
straight line which is corresponding to the length of the femur. The
proposed method facilitates the measurement of the femur without
the help of a physician through a series of steps.
Vibration of Ultrasonic has used for scaling
and periodontal curettage, it is also has used for metal crown and
metal-ceramic crown removal, subsequently, using the tips whether for
scaling or removing crown, they will be in direct contact with th
is crown,
This research aimed to evaluate the surface of metal-ceramic crown
after exposure to Vibration of Ultrasonic tips.
In this work, Ck85 carbon steel was subjected to cyclic heat
treatment.
Process that consisted of cyclic short-duration (3.4 minutes)
holding at 800 C (above Ac3 temperature) followed by forced air
cooling. After 8 cycles (about a total 1 hour du
ration of heating and cooling cyclic), the microstructure mostly contained fine ferrite
grains and spheroidzed cementite. This microstructure possessed
an excellent combination of strength and ductility. The disintegration of lamellar pearlite through dissolution of cementite
at boundaries lamellar during short-duration holding above Ac3
temperature, and the generation of lamellar defects during nonequilibrium forced air cooling were the main reasons of
accelerated spheroidization. The strength initially increased mainly
due to the presence of finer microconstituents (ferrite and pearlite)
and then marginally decreased with the elimination of lamellar
pearlite and appearance of spheroid cementite in the microstructure.
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