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A new model for structural deformation in the palmyride fold belt, Syria

نموذج جديد للتشوه البنيوي في حزام الطي التدمري في سورية

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 Publication date 2014
  fields Geology
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The Palmyride mountain chain is the main structure in central Syria. It represents an intracontinental NE-SW trending fold belt, within the northern part of the Arabian Plate. It is bounded by the Aleppo–Mardine uplift to the North–West and by the Hamad Uplift to the South-East. This study is based mainly on numereous field geological observations. New informations are obtained about the tectonic behavior of the Palmyride fold belt. The main faults are generally normal. There is no surface geological evidence for thrusting within the Palmyrides, as suggested by the authors before. The argument to be developed in this study is that the Palmyrides fold belt owe its existence to the lateral displacement of the Triassic gypsum, not to the lateral decollement of its overlying series, and consequently no shortening of 20 km as estimated by the authors before. A simple model is proposed to explain the observed tectonic features. It is interpreted that this tectonic event induced a master transfer of the Triassic gypsum under the Arabian Plate movement toward the north and the northeast at the Neogene time.

References used
Al-Saad, D., Sawaf, T., Gebran, A., Barazangi, M., Best, J. and T. Chaimov. 1992. Crustal structure of Central Syria: the Intracratonic Palmyride Mountain Belt. Tectonophysics, v. 207, p. 345-358
Best, J.A., Barazangi, M., Al Saad, D., Sawaf, T. and A. Gebran 1993. Continental margin evolution of the northern Arabian platform, Syria. Geological. Society. Of America Bulletin, v. 77, p.173-193
Beydoun, Z.R. and J.G. Habib 1995. Lebanon revisited : new insights into Triassic hydrocarbon prospects. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 18, no.1, p. 75-90
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The study was made in the region of the NNE-SSW trending Mrah anticline. This anticline is one of the main anticlines belonging to the Northern part of the Palmyride fold belt, lying amid Syria, in the northern Arabian plate. The lithostratigraphic column of the study area consists of the marine sediments of upper Cretaceous and lower Paleogene age. The field study involved the description and measurement of the brittle deformations in ٢٥ sites, which are distributed stratigraphically and geographically in the different parts of the Mrah anticline. Data processing and field observations led to a reconstruction of the principal stresses, which affected the region, and their evolution relative to the main folding phase (Neogene-Quaternary).
This research aims to study the sedimentary and palaeogeographic evolution of the Kurachina Dolomite Formation along Palmyrian belt zone. Studying this formation in its Northern and Southern parts has shown that it consists of two lithostratigraph ic members, where each of them includes a series of lithological units. The petrological study of the components of these units shows that they are composed of four distinguished facies: Dolomitic limestones, clayey limestones, clays and anhydrites, pure or mixed, and deposited in repeated harmonic layers, gathered mostly in neutral sedimentary sequences. Dolomitic limestones are the most common and important facies, they are composed of micrite muds which have been subjected, in different degrees to synsedimentary or late dolomitisation processes through pumping or burial mechanisms. Dolomitisation intensity decreases downward the formation and increases laterally from the south to the north of the Palmyrian chain.
The Petrological study of Clay deposits belonging to the lower Cretaceous in the northern part of South Palmyra Folding Zone. Showed they were formed as a result of weathering processes of igneous rocks within Sedimentary continental climate is ho t and wet conditions, and formed lateritic iron soil, followed by enrich, erosion and washing caused by watery agitate and re-replaced for short distances within valleys or grooves or local karst cavities, and later filled by crust erosion materials through the Cretaceous Sea transgression.
This research studies the economic importance of lower Cretaceous clay deposits of South Palmyra folding zone. This study carried out using appropriate research methods. The Palmyra sand formation, which includes clays deposits, has divided into t hree units depending on its lithological facies. Its chemical and mineral composition and physical properties had identified, it is mostly of Kaolinite, Illite, Quartz and other secondary minerals.
In order to build 3D structural model for Mamlaht Al-Kom structure in the North Palmyride Chain, the potential reflections were defined like Korushina Anhydrite (K.A) the cover, and Korushina Dolomite (K.D) the reservoir, therefore the time, velo city, and depth maps for Korushina dolomite reflection were constructed. Finally the 3D Structural Model for formation (K.D) was defined. So that the hydrocarbon potential is discussed.

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