يهدف البحث إلى دراسة ظاهرة الحزن في الشعر العربي الحديث، إذ يشكل الحزن ظاهرة لها حضورها و امتدادها في معظم التجارب الشعرية الحديثة. خلافا لما كان عليه الحال في الشعر العربي القديم.
يميز البحث بين حزن الإنسان العادي و حزن الإنسان المبدع الذي يتسم بحساسية خاصة، و يستطيع أن يحوّل حزنه و آلامه إلى مادة إبداعية. يستعرض الباحث أبرز الآراء النقدية التي تحدثت عن أسباب وجود الحزن بوصفه ظاهرة في الشعر الحديث، بما فيها آراء الدكتور عز الدين إسماعيل الذي ربط بين حزن الشاعر العربي و نظيره الأوروبي، و ربط بين الحزن و بعض الفنون النثرية التي دخلت إلى الثقافة العربية نتيجة الاتصال بالغرب. و يناقش البحث تلك الأفكار ليقف - من خلال استقراء النماذج الشعرية - على نوعين من أسباب الحزن، أولهما: أسباب ذاتية يتعرض لها الشاعر في حياته كالمرض أو الفقر أو الاغتراب. و ثانيهما: أسباب موضوعية تتصل بالواقع العربي في العصر الحديث، و ما فيه من أزمات و مشكلات سياسية أو اجتماعية أو اقتصادية.
This paper aims at analyzing and studying the phenomenon of
melancholy (sadness) in modern Arabic poetry since it is a feature that, unlike in ancient Arabic poetry, we can come across in most modern poetic writings. The paper distinguishes between the sadness of an ordinary man and that of a creative writer who shows a special sensitivity and can turn his sadness into something creative and can express it in his writings. In this study, the researcher refers to the most eminent critical points of view that dealt with the phenomenon of melancholy in modern Arabic poetry. For example, Dr. Ezzuddeen Ismail’s philosophy and opinion in this respect are referred to especially that he links and compares between Arab poets and their European counterparts concerning the subject of expressing sadness in their poetry. Likewise, Dr. Ismail refers to the affinity between sadness in Arabic poetry and some prose writings that became known in the Arab culture due to the connection with the Western culture. The paper discusses these points of view and concludes, through analysis of poetic examples, that there are two reasons for expressing sadness in poetry: First, personal reasons that the poet has due to an illness, a poverty, or expatriation. Second, national reasons that have to do with the status and condition of the Arab Nation in modern times especially the political, social, and economic trouble and crises.
References used
ابراهيم، عبد العزيز، شعرية الحداثة (دراسة)، منشورات اتحاد الكتاب العرب، دمشق 2005 م.
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أدونيس، الثابت و المتحول (بحث في الإتباع و الإبداع عند العرب)- 3، صدمة الحداثة 1979 م، دار العودة، بيروت.
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