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Register a new userSelecting Real Seismic Records and Scaling it to Fit the Syrian Design Spectra using Genetic Algorithm
اختيار السجلات الزلزالية الحقيقية و تقييسها لملائمة طيف الاستجابة التصميمي السوري باستخدام الخوارزمية الجينية
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قمنا في هذا البحث بتلخيص المنهجيات الخاصة بالخوارزمية الجينية و عمليات التقييس، و ناقشنا معايير تقييس السجلات الزمنية الحقيقية. ثم قمنا بتطبيق إجراءات التقييس التقليدية في مجال الزمن و اجراءات التقييس باستخدام الخوارزمية الجينية على عدد من السجلات الحقيقية المتوفرة لمطابقة الطيف التصميمي السوري. و أخيرا قمنا بفحص السجلات الزمنية الناتجة و مقارنتها لتبيان مدى مطابقتها لمتطلبات الكود.
In this study, basic methodologies of the GA and the scaling procedures are summarized, the scaling criteria of real time history records to satisfy the Syrian design code are discussed. The traditional time domain scaling procedures and the scaling procedures using GA are utilized to scale a number of the available real records to match the Syrian design spectra. The resulting time histories of the procedures are investigated and compared in terms of meeting criteria.
References used
American Society of Civil Engineers. (2007). ASCE/SEI 41- 06. Seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Va.2007
DEB, K. 2001. Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms, Wiley Interscience, Hoboken, U.S.A
Dubertret, L., Review of the structural geology of the Red Sea and Surounding areas, Royal Society of London philosophical transactions, Series A 267,1970, 9-20
FONSECA, C.M. & FLEMING, P.J. 1993. Genetic algorithms for multi objective optimization; optimization, formulation discussion and generalization. In: FORREST, S. Proceedings 5th International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, U.S.A. pp416- 423
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After selecting real seismic records it is necessary to scale these records to match the intensity of the earthquake expected for the site. Generally, scaling can be made by ground motions uniform scaling in time domain which is simply scaled up or d
own the ground motions uniformly to best match (in average) the target spectrum within a period range of interest. It’s an engineer’s job to find the best scaling factors to best match the target spectrum, which is a complex task, so we employed the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in finding those scaling factors to achieve the best results.
Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are probably the best-known types of artificial evolution search methods based on natural selection and mechanisms of population genetics. These algorithms are often applied to large, complex problems that are non-linear with multiple local optima.
The power of the genetic algorithms is inherent in its capability to adapt. In natural systems, species adapt to the environment through successive interactions and generations subject to the environment. After several consecutive generations, only those species that can adapt well to the environment survive and the rest disappear. In mathematical terms, individuals are analogous to problem variables and environment is the stated problem. The final generation of the variable strings that can adapt to the problem is the solution.
In this study, basic methodologies of the GA and the scaling procedures are summarized and the scaling criteria of real time history records to satisfy the Syrian design code are discussed. The traditional time domain scaling procedures and the scaling procedures using GA are used to scale a number of the available real records to match the Syrian design spectra. The resulting time histories of the procedures are investigated and compared in terms of meeting criteria.
: Nonlinear response history evaluation is becoming a practical tool due to availability of high performance computing and recommendations of the new seismic guidelines, and due to the increase of available strong ground motion database. When testing
the selected and scaled ground motions, it’s a standard procedure to use the time history analysis to validate the results in terms of structural responses and their variation. this proves the efficiency of the presented procedure.
In this study the selection and scaling criteria of real time history records to satisfy the Syrian design code are discussed. Ten set of records have been selected and scaled, every set consists of seven records of available real records, to match the Syrian design spectra. The resulting time histories are investigated and compared in terms of suitability as input to time history analysis of civil engineering structures, by mean of time history analyses of SDOF systems which are conducted to examine the efficiency of the scaling method in reducing the scatter in structural response. The nonlinear response of SDOF systems is represented by bilinear hysteretic model. Assuming 5 different Periods, α=3% post-yield stiffness, a number of 700 runs of analysis are conducted. And a number of 280 runs of analysis are conducted for MDOF systems.
Structural design for seismic loading, which is traditionally done for most types of common structures by the means of equivalent lateral static loading or modal spectrum analysis, is no longer a preferred methodology for design of modern structures
with complex topology and functionality under extreme loading scenarios. Nonlinear response history evaluation, on the other hand, is becoming a practical tool due to availability of high performance computing and recommendations of the new seismic guidelines, and due to the increase of available strong ground motion database. Therefor using and scaling real recorded accelerograms is becoming one of the most contemporary research issues in this field.
Seismological characteristics of the records, such as earthquake magnitude, epicentral distance and site classification are usually considered in the selection of real records, as they influence the shape of the response spectrum, the energy content and duration of strong ground shaking, and therefore the expected demand on structures. After real seismic records selection it is necessary to scale these records to match the intensity of the earthquake expected for the site. Generally, scaling can be made by ground motions uniform scaling in time domain which is simply scaled up or down the ground motions uniformly to best match (in average) the target spectrum within a period range of interest. It’s an engineer’s job to find the best scaling factors to best match the target spectrum, which is a complex task, so we employed the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in finding them to achieve the best results.
When testing the selected and scaled ground motions, it’s a standard procedure to use the nonlinear time history analysis to validate the results in terms of structural responses and their variation. this proves the efficiency of the presented procedure.
In this study, basic methodologies for selecting and scaling strong ground motion time histories are summarized, the selection and scaling criteria of real time history records to satisfy the Syrian design code are discussed. The GA scaling procedures are utilized to scale 10 set of records, every set consists of seven records of available real records to match the Syrian design spectra. The resulting time histories are investigated and compared in terms of suitability as input to time history analysis of civil engineering structures, by mean of time history analyses of SDOF systems which are conducted to examine the efficiency of the scaling method in reducing the scatter in structural response. The nonlinear response of SDOF systems is represented by bilinear hysteretic model. Assuming 5 different Periods, yield strength reduction factor, R= 4.5, α=3% post-yield stiffness, a number of 700 runs of analysis are conducted. The results are described for elastic displacement D.
The principal objective of this research is an adoption of the Genetic
Algorithm (GA) for studying it firstly, and to stop over the operations which
are introduced from the genetic algorithm.The candidate field for applying
the operations of the g
enetic algorithm is the sound data compression field.
This research uses the operations of the genetic algorithm for the
enhancement of the performance of one of the popular compression method.
Vector Quantization (VQ) method is selected in this work. After studying
this method, new proposed algorithm for mixing the (GA) with this method
was constructed and then the required programs for testing this algorithm
was written. A good enhancement was recorded for the performance of the
(VQ) method when mixed with the (GA). The proposed algorithm was
tested by applying it on some sound data files. Some fidelity measures are
calculated to evaluate the performance of the new proposed algorithm.
Route discovery in infrastructure based network is an important problem. Normally, route selection or route discovery is done based on the shortest path principle. In infrastructure based networks، a number of issues for route discovery need to be ad
dressed as the packet flow are prone to errors making the routing operation failure. Reliability, for example، is an important issue for route discovery. Ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) is important and is to be taken care while forwarding a packet flow. In this paper، a model for route discovery in infrastructure based networks using GA is being proposed. Out of many paths available from the gateway of the network to the final destination, the one is selected which satisfies the desired QoS. Two important QoS parameters، path loss and processing time at the router (Base Station), have been considered. The experimental results for both the QoS parameters reveal the efficacy of the model.
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