Dissolved Nutrients Behavior Along The Salinity Gradient At The AL-Kabir Alshemali River Mouth (Mediterranean - Syria)

The study, has Focused on determination of the most important hydrochemical characteristics of water at AL-kabir alshemali estuary area by determination the concentration of nutrient ions (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphates and silicates) and the factors affecting them. Water samples were collected from several stations of that area between March 2017 and January 2018. The highest concentrations of nutrient throughout the year were reported at river estuary point (K0), a depression in their concentrations was observed in the station distanced away from the river estuary point, compatible with salinity gradient. River estuary point (K0) formed the main source of nutrients that are distributed to other stations. Nutrient concentrations showed clear gradual depression in winter down to more than 1,000 meters from the estuary point, while the gradient in summer has less extension, It was within the first 50 meters in some monthes.

Investigation of spatial & temporal variations of nutrient in the coastal Water of Banias city

Half quarterly water samples were collected during the period between March 2015 and February 2016 of four different stations from Banias city water that is subject to the effect of sewage and estuaries. The concentrations of nutrients (H3SiO4 -, PO4 -3, NO3 -, NO2 - , NH4 + ) and the concentrations of chlorophyll a were determined to find out how affected by the temporal and spatial variability. The highest concentrations of phosphate and ammonia ions were observed at station St3 (close to the sewage), while the highest concentrations of nitrate ions were registered at the stations St1 and St2 (estuaries). The results showed high values of chlorophyll a in April (due to spring bloom of phytoplankton) and October (autumn bloom). The ions ratio ΣN/P revealed that phosphorus ions are limiting factor of the phytoplankton growth at St1 and St2, and that nitrogen ions are limiting factor of growth at the stations St3 and St4. The ratio Si/ΣN revealed that silicate ions are limiting factor of the growth of diatoms in all the stations.

The effect of some environmental factors on the distribution of Phytoplankton in the coastal water of Tartous city

This environmental research was conducted on the coastal water of Tartous city for the first time to complement previous studies along the Syrian coast. Sampling station were selected based on their different environmental characteristics from each others on one hand, and their continuous exposure to the sources of pollution (oil, chemical, organic) on the other hand. It hasbeen implemented13sortiesfreelyduring the study period, which lasted fromSeptember2013untilSeptember2014. during which water samples were collected for analysis and determine the concentration of nutrients in, as vital samples to study and determine the types of phytoplankton, which collected, in addition to conducting field measurements of some properties Physical seawater (temperature, pH, salinity, oxygen dissolved concentration). This study has recorded 160 species of phytoplankton in study sites, distributed as follows: 91 species of Chryssophyta, 50 of Pyrrophyta, 11 of Chlorophyta, and 8 of Cyanophyta, their distribution has differed from one site to another and from month to monthaccordingto the differentiation in the environmental conditions.

Study of the Relationship Between Bacteria (Streptococcus) and Azotic Nutrients for Determination of Water Quality in Almina Altigary in Lattakia city

We used Bacteriological studies to determine the quality of water, through quick methods, simple and sensitive detection of water contaminants, and in particularly bacteria that indicated the health status of water quality. We presented in this study the effect of sewage on distribution nutrients and the Streptococci bacteria. Seven samples were taken during the period 2013 to 2014, at a rate of two cruises per season. Some of these samples were taken in near sewage stations, others, to make a comparison, were taken in distant ones. The study showed an increase in nutrients. These bacteria were linked to a positive relationship with nutrients because the presence of nutrients stimulated bacterial growth.

A Study of Phytoplankton Distribution in Al-Kabir Al-Shamali River Connected with Nutrients (NO3 -- NO2 -- NH4 +-PO4 ---) Concentration Changes

This study was carried out during the period 2011–2010 for 12 months. 110 species of phytoplankton in Al-Kabir Al-Shamali River were identified including 4 species of Euglenophyta, 15 species of Cyanophyta, 49 species of Chrysophyta, 40 species of Chlorophyta and 2 species of Pyrrophyta. Some physicochemical parameters of water were determined. Some of them were the temperature which ranged between 10.8–28°C, the pH 7.76–8.2 and the BOD 1.6–10mg/l, while the concentrations of NO3 - ranged between 1.10-250 mg/l, nitrate 0.13-0.01mg/l, and PO4 - ions 0.015–1.05 mg/l. The highest value of ammonium ions was 6.25mg/l and the lowest was 0.011 mg/l. BOD concentrations ranged between 6.06-12.07mg/l.

Productivity and quality of panicum (Panicum turgidum Forssk) grown naturally at the Eastern Province of Saui Arabia

The present study aimed to evaluate the productinty status of panicum turgidum (Thumam) under the environmental conditions of the eastern province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Forty eight experimental sites (each of 25 m2, i.e. 1*25 m) were randomly selected from three locations (Roads of Riyadh, Ogair and Damam), which represent the micro-environment of thumam. Obtained results showed that the dominated plant species associated with thumam were Eragrostis barrelieri, Haloxylon salicornicum, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Plantago ovata and Zygophyllum coccineum. The forage production of thumam was 57 kg dry matter/ha. However, the nutrient value of it was relatively low due to the low protein content (4.2 %) and high crude fiber (30.2 %). Moreover, neutral detergent fiber was 62.4 %, acid detergent fiber was 65.4 % and lignin was 11.70 % which indicate low nutritional forage value, compared with traditional forage crops, i.e. Rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana) and Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa). Macronutrient contents (Na, K, Ca and Mg) were in the range of sheep and camel requirements, while P was very low as well as micronutrients (Zn, Cu and Mn).

The Use of Bacterial Flora as an Indicator of Pollution in Al-Kabeer Al-Janobi River

To clarify the possibility of using bacterial flora as a pollution indicator, water samples from river were collected and analyzed from July ١٩٩٩ to February ٢٠٠١ for dissolved oxygen (DO), NO٣-N, NO٢-N, NH٤-N, PO٤-P, suspended solids (SS), biological oxygen demand (BOD) Heterotrophic Bacteria were identified to genus level, and another part of it was identified to Enterobacteriaceae.