A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used
to detect infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in the commercial broiler flocks in
Syria. 50 tissue samples were taken from tracheal tissue, trachea and kidney of
the broil
ers suspected of infectious bronchitis (IB) from different governorates
of Syria i.e. Latakia, Tartous, Hama and Damascus countryside. RNA was
extracted directly from the tissue samples and then RNA was converted to cDNA
by RT-PCR technology; PCR reaction and Nested PCR interaction were carried
out sequentially. The primers used in the RT-PCR reaction were selected from
the S1 gene (spike), where mutations of the virus genome were concentrated in
this region (the hypervariable region). Some positive samples (10) were injected
at an age of 9-11 days old SPFEE-specific pathogen free embryonated eggs
according to the methods adopted in virology. This research was carried out at
the laboratories of Latakia Research Center, General Commission for Scientific
Agricultural Research GCSAR, in cooperation with the PCR laboratory at the
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Hama. The results showed the existence of 37
positive case for RT-PCR (74%), and the infectious embryos showed clear and
characteristic anatomical lesions of the infectious bronchitis virus after 5-6 days
post injection, delayed and undeveloped fetal (dwarfism), fingertip entanglement
and hemorrhage compared with the negative control. The results also showed the
sensitivity and speed of the RT-PCR test in the detection of the IBV virus.
Larynx cancer is the most common cancer of the head and neck with the exception of
the skin and it accounts for 2% of all cancer diagnoses, its genesis is directly associated
with alcohol drinking and smoking, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the m
ost common
histological type (95%) of larynx cancer.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 3D conformal radiotherapy of accelerated
system for early larynx cancer and to estimate acute and late toxicity which appear because
of irradiated normal tissues around the tumor (thyroid gland, spine cord, ….) and also to
evaluate the rate of recurrence and survival.
Materials and methods: The study was performed of 44 patients of scc larengeal cancer
stage T1/T2, that underwent RT (2015 – 2017), 84% with glottic cancer, the median age
was 63 years, all patients were treated 3D conformal RT, Total dose between (60-66) Gy,
2Gy/fraction (5 fractions in week).Our analysis was to evaluate the acute and late toxicity
dure and after radiotherapy, and also the rate of recurrence and survival.
Results: The most toxicity was dysphagia (42 PTs) 96%, radiodermitis (30 PTs) 70%, the
least toxicity was tooth damage. No evidence of late toxicity, the rate of recurrence (11
PTs) 25%, metastases occur in (1 PT). (6/ 41 PTs) 16.4% were dead.
Conclusion: Radiotherapy is the important role to control early larynx cancer, and 3DRadiotherapy
is giving a large dose to treat the tumor and save the normal tissues around
the tumor from effect of radiation, therefor absence the late toxicity.
This study has been conducted to adapt a quantitative RT-QPCR to
detect the least amount of virus and tissue culture pathogenic dose
(TCID50) of CAEV showed cytopathogenic effect (CPE) from
clinical samples.
