This study was carried out at the Scientific Agriculture Research Center, Al-Ghab,
Syria, during 2013 –2014 growing seasons to estimate heterosis, combining ability,
phenotypic correlation and path analysis for plant and ear height, ear length, ear
diameter,
number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield per
plant for eighteen hybrids produced by the line × tester method, the major findings were:
inbred lines, testers, hybrids and combining ability mean squares were significant for all
traits, indicating that additive and non-additive gene actions were the important in
inheritance of all traits. The ratios of σ2
GCA/σ2
SCA showed that non-additive gene action was
more important in controlling all traits except of number of kernel per row. Heterosis
percentage for all traits were significant compared with the check variety except of ear
height trait. GCA effects showed that the lines P1 and P7 were good combiners for grain
yield per plant, also, SCA effects showed that P2×P8, P5×P8, P4×P9 and P1×P7 crosses were
the best F1 combiners for grain yield per plant. Results of phenotypic correlation and path
analysis values showed that ear length, ear diameter and number of kernel per row were
positively and significantly associated with grain yield per plant, also, these traits can be
considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in maize.