Can pre-trained BERT for one language and GPT for another be glued together to translate texts? Self-supervised training using only monolingual data has led to the success of pre-trained (masked) language models in many NLP tasks. However, directly c
onnecting BERT as an encoder and GPT as a decoder can be challenging in machine translation, for GPT-like models lack a cross-attention component that is needed in seq2seq decoders. In this paper, we propose Graformer to graft separately pre-trained (masked) language models for machine translation. With monolingual data for pre-training and parallel data for grafting training, we maximally take advantage of the usage of both types of data. Experiments on 60 directions show that our method achieves average improvements of 5.8 BLEU in x2en and 2.9 BLEU in en2x directions comparing with the multilingual Transformer of the same size.
This study aimed to study changes in subantral bony height when sinus membrane was elevated 6 mm without bone grafts depending on Cone Beam CT imaging.
The study sample contained 18 implants placed on 11 patients of
both genders, each patient under
went lateral-approach sinus-lift
without bone grafts and implants were inserted simultaneously and
protruded 6 mm under the elevated sinus membrane.
This research was conducted in seedling area belonging to Tishreen University and
in the Coast seedling belonging to Agricultural Directorate in Lattakia. Results has shown
that, the pear variety Cocia grafted on pear Syrian rootstock was significa
ntly better than
pear variety Williams and Quince variety Saidawi grafted on the same rootstock, where
the percentage of grafting were 100%, 90% and 66.67% consequently, and in the next year
93.33%, 76.67% and 54.00% consequently. Results has shown a good agreement between
a variety Cocia and a used rootstock in comparison with the tow other varieties. The
results of analytical calculation has shown that, the variety Cocia was better than the tow
other varieties Williams and Saidawi in graft-height, also, Williams variety was better
than Saidawi variety, and this confirm that, the Cocia variety in medium growth when it
grafted on pear Syrian rootstock, whereas, Williams variety was in poor growth and
Saidawi variety was very poor in growth when they were grafted on the same rootstalk
especially in the first years of grafting.
