A Study of adding-effect of floured orange-peels resulting from orange-juice processing on the most important characteristics of biscuits as well as improving the product with xylanase enzyme

Orange is used in the juice industry, yielding important quantities of by products. Orange peel is analyzed for chemical composition and water holding capacity. Data show that, it has high amount of crude fiber, phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity, also it has high level of water holding capacity. Biscuits are prepared from blendes which contain a different proportion (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25)% of orange peel flour are also evaluate for physical and sensory characteristics, chemical composition and rheological properties for this blendes. The sensory evaluation does not show any significant difference between control and that adds with 10% of orange peel flour. Physical parameters, namely, diameter, thickness and spread ratio were tested. The diameter and thickness of orange peel substituted biscuits were decreased, whereas spread ratio of biscuits increase with increasing levels of it. The data reveals that incorporation of orange peel powder in biscuits increase crude fiber, ash, phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity, it decreases the carbohydrate content. Rheological properties of the blended flour show increase in water absorption and stability. Addition of 40ppm xylanase enzyme reduce the hardness value of the sample in general, it also decrease the spread ratio as compared to control samples with no enzyme added. Sensory evaluation results show good overall acceptability scores for the biscuits contain 10% orange peel with and without xylanase.

Study the effect of adding corn starch on some sensory and chemical properties for quick preparation vermicelli (noodles) manufacturer of bean flour

Cornstarch has been added, with percentages of ( 5%, 10%, 15%,20% and 25%), to flour beans both types paste (peeled and non-peeled) prepared for the manufacture of a quick vermicelli preparation (noodles), in order to study the effect of the addition of some chemical and organoleptic characteristics of this product and to determine the ideal proportion of corn starch added. The study has shown that there is an inverse relationship between the reduction of protein content and the increase of the fat percentage and the increase of starch proportion up to (25%) in both kinds of bean noodles: peeled and unpeeled. Increasing the ratio of starch above 15% has affected negatively the resulted noodles colour and some organoleptic characteristics such as taste and smell with the emergence of a gradual improvement of the appearance of noodles that resulted from flour peeled beans. Finally , it was found that the best ratio of added starch is 15%.

A Study of Manufacturing Processed Cheese Spread by Using Local Cheese (White, Kashkawan, Karesh,) as Row Materials

The aim of this study is to use local cheese and additions in producing processed cheese spread with good sensory and chemical characteristics. The results show that the best mixture can be used through experiment and sensory evaluation, where the percentage of total dry material in produced processed cheese is 38.6%, fat percentage is 53% and total count bacteria after manufacturing & after storage for 8 weeks in temperature of 5-7° is 5×101 cell/g. These bacteria are gram positive rod bacteria spores. This means that heat processing was highly efficient in destroying the green bacterial cells, and storage in temperature of 5-7° doesn't allow growth of bacteria spores. While samples which stored in temperature of 20-25° show increasing total count bacteria from 5×101cell/g directly after manufacturing to 12×101 & 20×101 cell/g after 8 weeks of storage without any changes in quality characteristics. We conclude from these results that this product needs refrigerated storage, for conservation product quality if storage more than 8 weeks.