The soil water erosion risk is one of the most important problems and
challenges facing the agricultural process in the Syrian coast today. The aim
of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of dangerous areas of
water erosion in the
basin of the Mrqyieh River using CORINE model. To
achieve this objective, the first phase of the study was to evaluate the soil
erosion viability based on soil characteristics (soil texture, soil depth and
percentage of stones); these properties were classified according to their
influence degree on soil erosion. The potential risk erosion map was based
on crossing all information obtained from soil erodibility, erosivity index
and the degree of slope at study area by using GIS technologies. The land
cover map of the study was produced and classified to two classes
depending on soil protection degree. Then, an actual risk map of soil erosion
was prepared after crossing land cover and potential risk erosion classes of
study sites. This study showed that 14.8% of the studied area facing high
risk of soil erosion, while the soil risk was moderate in 40.4% and low in
44.8% of the study area. The highly risked erosion area was located in the
center, northern and northwest parts of the study area. Moreover, the study
confirmed that the land cover is the most influential factor on soil water
erosion. The results showed that the Corine model for soil water erosion
mapping is a highly effective and cost-effective approach
Water erosion is the most serious environmental problem which cause soil
degradation in watershed areas in Syria cost .for this reason, this study aimed to defined
spatial distribution of water erosion risk for land Bhmra Dm basin using corine mode
l.
Corine model depend on calculating all factor that affect water erosion ,soil erosion
vability ,rain erosivity ,slop and land cover.
Water erosion is considered one of the most prominent and dangerous forms of soil erosion, especially in the coastal region, where it rains in large quantities. Consequently, this results in sweeping away tons of soil into the river streams; some of
this will be deposited in the rivers, some in the dam lakes constructed on these rivers, while the rest will be deposited in the sea into which rivers flow. The aims of this study are to calculate the ratio between the amount of sediments related to water erosion of the soil and the amount of the sediments transported in Zgaro River which reach the lake of 16 Tishreen Dam, and to suggest the appropriate solutions which will insure reducing the sedimentation rate and its correlated negative impacts. This study demonstrates the characteristics of the watershed of Zgaro River using Watershed Modeling System (WMS 7.1), and also the calculation of the total amount of sediments related to water erosion of the soil in the area of study, applying the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The amount of sediments transported by water was also calculated using internationally recognized measuring devices. These devices were manufactured for the purpose of this study. A total of 24886 tons of transported sediments was measured in Zgaro River, constituting 36% of the total annual amount of 69401 tons of sediments resulting from water erosion of the soil. This value comprises the actual amount of sediments deposited in the lake of 16 Tishreen Dam, which is then transported through the river stream. Consequently, this sedimentation has resulted in a downward trend of the reservoir capacity of the dam lake. These findings require feasible solutions to reducing the rate of sedimentation and its correlated negative impacts.
