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A binary relation on a finite set is called a Hall relation if it contains a permutation of the set. Under the usual relational product, Hall relations form a semigroup which is known to be a block-group, that is, a semigroup with at most one idempotent in each $mathrsfs{R}$-class and each $mathrsfs{L}$-class. Here we show that in a certain sense, the converse is true: every block-group divides a semigroup of Hall relations on a finite set.
The group generated by the round functions of a block ciphers is a widely investigated problem. We identify a large class of block ciphers for which such group is easily guaranteed to be primitive. Our class includes the AES and the SERPENT.
We consider finite sums of counting functions on the free group $F_n$ and the free monoid $M_n$ for $n geq 2$. Two such sums are considered equivalent if they differ by a bounded function. We find the complete set of linear relations between equivale
In this paper, we study a group in which every 2-maximal subgroup is a Hall subgroup.
We classify the ergodic invariant random subgroups of block-diagonal limits of symmetric groups in the cases when the groups are simple and the associated dimension groups have finite dimensional state spaces. These block-diagonal limits arise as the
The first examples of formations which are arboreous (and therefore Hall) but not freely indexed (and therefore not locally extensible) are found. Likewise, the first examples of solvable formations which are freely indexed and arboreous (and therefo