Using a data sample of 980~fb$^{-1}$ collected with the Belle detector operating at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we present evidence for the $Omega(2012)^-$ in the resonant substructure of $Omega_{c}^{0} to pi^+ (bar{K}Xi)^{-}$ ($(ba
r{K}Xi)^{-}$ = $K^-Xi^0$ + $bar{K}^0 Xi^-$) decays. The significance of the $Omega(2012)^-$ signal is 4.2$sigma$ after considering the systematic uncertainties. The ratio of the branching fraction of $Omega_{c}^{0} to pi^{+} Omega(2012)^- to pi^+ (bar{K}Xi)^{-}$ relative to that of $Omega_{c}^{0} to pi^{+} Omega^-$ is calculated to be 0.220 $pm$ 0.059(stat.) $pm$ 0.035(syst.). The individual ratios of the branching fractions of the two isospin modes are also determined, and found to be ${cal B}(Omega_{c}^0 to pi^+ Omega(2012)^-) times {cal B}(Omega(2012)^- to K^-Xi^0)/{cal B}(Omega_{c}^0 to pi^+ K^- Xi^0)$ = (9.6 $pm$ 3.2(stat.) $pm$ 1.8(syst.))% and ${cal B}(Omega_{c}^0 to pi^+ Omega(2012)^-) times {cal B}(Omega(2012)^- to bar{K}^0 Xi^-)/{cal B}(Omega_{c}^0 to pi^+ bar{K}^0 Xi^-)$ = (5.5 $pm$ 2.8(stat.) $pm$ 0.7(syst.))%.
Hexagonal rare-earth ferrite RFeO$_3$ family represents a unique class of multiferroics exhibiting weak ferromagnetism, and a strong coupling between magnetism and structural trimerization is predicted. However, the hexagonal structure for RFeO$_3$ r
emains metastable in conventional condition. We have succeeded in stabilizing the hexagonal structure of polycrystalline YbFeO$_3$ by partial Sc substitution of Yb. Using bulk magnetometry and neutron diffraction, we find that Yb$_{0.42}$Sc$_{0.58}$FeO$_3$ orders into a canted antiferromagnetic state with the Neel temperature $T_N$ ~ 165 K, below which the $Fe^{3+}$ moments form the triangular configuration in the $ab$-plane and their in-plane projections are parallel to the [100] axis, consistent with magnetic space group $P$6$_{3}$$cm$. It is determined that the spin-canting is aligned along the $c$-axis, giving rise to the weak ferromagnetism. Furthermore, the $Fe^{3+}$ moments reorient toward a new direction below reorientation temperature $T_R$ ~ 40 K, satisfying magnetic subgroup $P$6$_{3}$, while the $Yb^{3+}$ moments order independently and ferrimagnetically along the $c$-axis at the characteristic temperature $T_{Yb}$ ~ 15 K. Interestingly, reproducible modulation of electric polarization induced by magnetic field at low temperature is achieved, suggesting that the delicate structural distortion associated with two-up/one-down buckling of the Yb/Sc-planes and tilting of the FeO$_5$ bipyramids may mediate the coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic orders under magnetic field. The present work represents a substantial progress to search for high-temperature multiferroics in hexagonal ferrites and related materials.
Using a data sample of 980 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we study the processes of $Xi^0_cto Lambdabar K^{*0}$, $Xi^0_cto Sigma^0bar K^{*0}$, and $Xi^0_cto Sigma^+K^{*-}$ for the first ti
me. The relative branching ratios to the normalization mode of $Xi^0_ctoXi^-pi^+$ are measured to be $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Lambdabar K^{*0})/{cal B}(xicto Xi^-pi^+)=0.18pm0.02({rm stat.})pm0.01({rm syst.}),$$ $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Sigma^0bar K^{*0})/{cal B}(xicto Xi^-pi^+)=0.69pm0.03({rm stat.})pm0.03({rm syst.}),$$ $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Sigma^+K^{*-})/{cal B}(xicto Xi^-pi^+)=0.34pm0.06({rm stat.})pm0.02({rm syst.}),$$ where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. We obtain %measure the branching fractions of $Xi^0_cto Lambdabar K^{*0}$, $Xi^0_cto Sigma^0bar K^{*0}$, and $Xi^0_cto Sigma^+K^{*-}$ to be $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Lambdabar K^{*0})=(3.3pm0.3({rm stat.})pm0.2({rm syst.})pm1.0({rm ref.}))times10^{-3},$$ $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Sigma^0bar K^{*0})=(12.4pm0.5({rm stat.})pm0.5({rm syst.})pm3.6({rm ref.}))times10^{-3},$$ $${cal B}(Xi^0_cto Sigma^+K^{*-})=(6.1pm1.0({rm stat.})pm0.4({rm syst.})pm1.8({rm ref.}))times10^{-3},$$ where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from ${cal B}(xic to Xi^-pi^+)$, respectively. The asymmetry parameters $alpha(Xi^0_cto Lambdabar K^{*0})$ and $alpha(Xi^0_cto Sigma^+K^{*-})$ are $0.15pm0.22({rm stat.})pm0.04({rm syst.})$ and $-0.52pm0.30({rm stat.})pm0.02({rm syst.})$, respectively, where the uncertainties are statistical followed by systematic.
The absolute differential cross sections for small-angle proton elastic scattering off the nuclei $^{12,14-17}$C have been measured in inverse kinematics at energies near 700 MeV/u at GSI Darmstadt. The hydrogen-filled ionization chamber IKAR served
simultaneously as a gas target and a detector for the recoil protons. The projectile scattering angles were measured with multi-wire tracking detectors. The radial nuclear matter density distributions and the root-mean-square nuclear matter radii were deduced from the measured cross sections using the Glauber multiple-scattering theory. A possible neutron halo structure in $^{15}$C, $^{16}$C and $^{17}$C is discussed. The obtained data show evidence for a halo structure in the $^{15}$C nucleus.
A study is presented on the convergence of the computation of coupled advection-diffusion-reaction equations. In the computation, the equations with different coefficients and even types are assigned in two subdomains, and Schwarz iteration is made b
etween the equations when marching from a time level to the next one. The analysis starts with the linear systems resulting from the full discretization of the equations by explicit schemes. Conditions for convergence are derived, and its speedup and the effects of difference in the equations are discussed. Then, it proceeds to an implicit scheme, and a recursive expression for convergence speed is derived. An optimal interface condition for the Schwarz iteration is obtained, and it leads to perfect convergence, that is, convergence within two times of iteration. Furthermore, the methods and analyses are extended to the coupling of the viscous Burgers equations. Numerical experiments indicate that the conclusions, such as the perfect convergence, drawn in the linear situations may remain in the Burgers equations computation.
As further progress in the accurate and efficient computation of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) becomes increasingly difficult, it has become highly desired to develop new methods for such computation. In deviation from conventional ap
proaches, this short communication paper explores a computational paradigm that couples numerical solutions of PDEs via machine-learning (ML) based methods, together with a preliminary study on the paradigm. Particularly, it solves PDEs in subdomains as in a conventional approach but develops and trains artificial neural networks (ANN) to couple the PDEs solutions at their interfaces, leading to solutions to the PDEs in the whole domains. The concepts and algorithms for the ML coupling are discussed using coupled Poisson equations and coupled advection-diffusion equations. Preliminary numerical examples illustrate the feasibility and performance of the ML coupling. Although preliminary, the results of this exploratory study indicate that the ML paradigm is promising and deserves further research.
The random dipolar magnet LiHo$_x$Y$_{1-x}$F$_4$ enters a strongly frustrated regime for small Ho$^{3+}$ concentrations with $x<0.05$. In this regime, the magnetic moments of the Ho$^{3+}$ ions experience small quantum corrections to the common Ising
approximation of LiHo$_x$Y$_{1-x}$F$_4$, which lead to a $Z_2$-symmetry breaking and small, degeneracy breaking energy shifts between different eigenstates. Here we show that destructive interference between two almost degenerate excitation pathways burns spectral holes in the magnetic susceptibility of strongly driven magnetic moments in LiHo$_x$Y$_{1-x}$F$_4$. Such spectral holes in the susceptibility, microscopically described in terms of Fano resonances, can already occur in setups of only two or three frustrated moments, for which the driven level scheme has the paradigmatic $Lambda$-shape. For larger clusters of magnetic moments, the corresponding level schemes separate into almost isolated many-body $Lambda$-schemes, in the sense that either the transition matrix elements between them are negligibly small or the energy difference of the transitions is strongly off-resonant to the drive. This enables the observation of Fano resonances, caused by many-body quantum corrections to the common Ising approximation also in the thermodynamic limit. We discuss its dependence on the driving strength and frequency as well as the crucial role that is played by lattice dissipation.
Room temperature ferromagnetism was characterized for thin films of SrTi$_{0.6}$Fe$_{0.4}$O$_{3-{delta}}$ grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO$_{3}$ and Si substrates under different oxygen pressures and after annealing under oxygen and vacuum c
onditions. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism demonstrated that the magnetization originated from Fe$^{2+}$ cations, whereas Fe$^{3+}$ and Ti$^{4+}$ did not contribute. Films with the highest magnetic moment (0.8 {mu}B per Fe) had the highest measured Fe$^{2+}$:Fe${^3+}$ ratio of 0.1 corresponding to the largest concentration of oxygen vacancies ({delta} = 0.19). Post-growth annealing treatments under oxidizing and reducing conditions demonstrated quenching and partial recovery of magnetism respectively, and a change in Fe valence states. The study elucidates the microscopic origin of magnetism in highly Fe-substituted SrTi$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$O$_{3-{delta}}$ perovskite oxides and demonstrates that the magnetic moment, which correlates with the relative content of Fe$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$, can be controlled via the oxygen content, either during growth or by post-growth annealing.
A simple but novel driver system has been developed to operate the wire gating grid of a Time Projection Chamber (TPC). This system connects the wires of the gating grid to its driver via low impedance transmission lines. When the gating grid is open
, all wires have the same voltage allowing drift electrons, produced by the ionization of the detector gas molecules, to pass through to the anode wires. When the grid is closed, the wires have alternating higher and lower voltages causing the drift electrons to terminate at the more positive wires. Rapid opening of the gating grid with low pickup noise is achieved by quickly shorting the positive and negative wires to attain the average bias potential with N-type and P-type MOSFET switches. The circuit analysis and simulation software SPICE shows that the driver restores the gating grid voltage to 90% of the opening voltage in less than 0.20 $mu$s. When tested in the experimental environment of a time projection chamber larger termination resistors were chosen so that the driver opens the gating grid in 0.35 $mu$s. In each case, opening time is basically characterized by the RC constant given by the resistance of the switches and terminating resistors and the capacitance of the gating grid and its transmission line. By adding a second pair of N-type and P-type MOSFET switches, the gating grid is closed by restoring 99% of the original charges to the wires within 3 $mu$s.
We introduce a system with one or two amplified nonlinear sites (hot spots, HSs) embedded into a two-dimensional linear lossy lattice. The system describes an array of evanescently coupled optical or plasmonic waveguides, with gain applied at selecte
d HS cores. The subject of the analysis is discrete solitons pinned to the HSs. The shape of the localized modes is found in quasi-analytical and numerical forms, using a truncated lattice for the analytical consideration. Stability eigenvalues are computed numerically, and the results are supplemented by direct numerical simulations. In the case of self-focusing nonlinearity, the modes pinned to a single HS are stable or unstable when the nonlinearity includes the cubic loss or gain, respectively. If the nonlinearity is self-defocusing, the unsaturated cubic gain acting at the HS supports stable modes in a small parametric area, while weak cubic loss gives rise to a bistability of the discrete solitons. Symmetric and antisymmetric modes pinned to a symmetric set of two HSs are considered too.
