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Register a new userStudents Who Study Together Learn Better: On the Importance of Collective Knowledge Distillation for Domain Transfer in Fact Verification
الطلاب الذين يدرسون معا يتعلمون بشكل أفضل: على أهمية تقطير المعرفة الجماعية لنقل النطاق في التحقق من ذلك
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في حين أن الشبكات العصبية تنتج أداء حديثة في العديد من مهام NLP، إلا أنها تعتمد بشكل عام على المعلومات المعدنية، والتي تنقل بشكل سيئ بين المجالات. اقترحت الأعمال السابقة Delexicalization كشكل من أشكال تقطير المعرفة للحد من الاعتماد على القطع الأثرية المعجمية. ومع ذلك، فإن القضية غير المحتملة النقدية التي لا تزال تظل مقدار delexicalization للتطبيق: يساعد القليل على تقليل التجاوز، ولكن يتجاهل الكثير من المعلومات المفيدة. نقترح التعلم الجماعي، ونهج تقطير المعرفة والنموذجية للتحقق من الحقائق التي تتمتع بها نماذج الطلاب المتعددة إمكانية الوصول إلى وجهات نظر مختلفة من البيانات، ولكن يتم تشجيعها على التعلم من بعضها البعض من خلال خسائر الاتساق الزوجية. في العديد من التجارب عبر المجالات بين مجموعات بيانات التحقق من الحمى و FNC، نوضح أن نهجنا يتعلم أفضل استراتيجية Delexicalization لعملية البيانات التدريبية المعطاة، وتتفوق على المصنفين الحديثة الذين يعتمدون على البيانات الأصلية.
While neural networks produce state-of-the- art performance in several NLP tasks, they generally depend heavily on lexicalized information, which transfer poorly between domains. Previous works have proposed delexicalization as a form of knowledge distillation to reduce the dependency on such lexical artifacts. However, a critical unsolved issue that remains is how much delexicalization to apply: a little helps reduce overfitting, but too much discards useful information. We propose Group Learning, a knowledge and model distillation approach for fact verification in which multiple student models have access to different delexicalized views of the data, but are encouraged to learn from each other through pair-wise consistency losses. In several cross-domain experiments between the FEVER and FNC fact verification datasets, we show that our approach learns the best delexicalization strategy for the given training dataset, and outperforms state-of-the-art classifiers that rely on the original data.
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Pretrained transformer-based encoders such as BERT have been demonstrated to achieve state-of-the-art performance on numerous NLP tasks. Despite their success, BERT style encoders are large in size and have high latency during inference (especially o
n CPU machines) which make them unappealing for many online applications. Recently introduced compression and distillation methods have provided effective ways to alleviate this shortcoming. However, the focus of these works has been mainly on monolingual encoders. Motivated by recent successes in zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning using multilingual pretrained encoders such as mBERT, we evaluate the effectiveness of Knowledge Distillation (KD) both during pretraining stage and during fine-tuning stage on multilingual BERT models. We demonstrate that in contradiction to the previous observation in the case of monolingual distillation, in multilingual settings, distillation during pretraining is more effective than distillation during fine-tuning for zero-shot transfer learning. Moreover, we observe that distillation during fine-tuning may hurt zero-shot cross-lingual performance. Finally, we demonstrate that distilling a larger model (BERT Large) results in the strongest distilled model that performs best both on the source language as well as target languages in zero-shot settings.
Recent studies argue that knowledge distillation is promising for speech translation (ST) using end-to-end models. In this work, we investigate the effect of knowledge distillation with a cascade ST using automatic speech recognition (ASR) and machin
e translation (MT) models. We distill knowledge from a teacher model based on human transcripts to a student model based on erroneous transcriptions. Our experimental results demonstrated that knowledge distillation is beneficial for a cascade ST. Further investigation that combined knowledge distillation and fine-tuning revealed that the combination consistently improved two language pairs: English-Italian and Spanish-English.
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ue, existing methods leverage an external knowledge base to generate appropriate responses. In real-world practical, the entity may not be included by the knowledge base or suffer from the precision of knowledge retrieval. To deal with this problem, instead of introducing knowledge base as the input, we force the model to learn a better semantic representation by predicting the information in the knowledge base, only based on the input context. Specifically, with the help of a knowledge base, we introduce two auxiliary training objectives: 1) Interpret Masked Word, which conjectures the meaning of the masked entity given the context; 2) Hypernym Generation, which predicts the hypernym of the entity based on the context. Experiment results on two dialogue corpus verify the effectiveness of our methods under both knowledge available and unavailable settings.
To reduce a model size but retain performance, we often rely on knowledge distillation (KD) which transfers knowledge from a large teacher'' model to a smaller student'' model. However, KD on multimodal datasets such as vision-language tasks is relat
ively unexplored, and digesting multimodal information is challenging since different modalities present different types of information. In this paper, we perform a large-scale empirical study to investigate the importance and effects of each modality in knowledge distillation. Furthermore, we introduce a multimodal knowledge distillation framework, modality-specific distillation (MSD), to transfer knowledge from a teacher on multimodal tasks by learning the teacher's behavior within each modality. The idea aims at mimicking a teacher's modality-specific predictions by introducing auxiliary loss terms for each modality. Furthermore, because each modality has different saliency for predictions, we define saliency scores for each modality and investigate saliency-based weighting schemes for the auxiliary losses. We further study a weight learning approach to learn the optimal weights on these loss terms. In our empirical analysis, we examine the saliency of each modality in KD, demonstrate the effectiveness of the weighting scheme in MSD, and show that it achieves better performance than KD on four multimodal datasets.
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