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Register a new userمعوقات نقل الصوت بالزمن الحقيقي عبر شبكة الإنترنت و الحلول المقترحة دراسة حالة: التأخير الزمني
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تطورت شبكة الإنترنت بشكل كبير في السـنوات الأخيـرة، و أصـبح نقـل ملفـات المعلومات ممكناً و بزمن قياسي، و أصبح من الضروري التفكير بعملية نقل الصـوت و نقل الفيديو عبر هذه الشبكة، و حتى نصل إلى عملية الوصـل المباشـر و بـالزمن الحقيقي للتوصل إلى المؤتمرات سواء الصوتية أو الفيديوية منها، و ذلك مـن أجـل تطبيقات عدة من أهمها استخدامها في الـتعلم عـن بعـد، و إقامـة المحاضـرات و المؤتمرات البعيدة المدى و دون التواجد تحت سقف واحد، و حتى الاتصالات البعيدة المدى و التي عادة ما تكون ذات تكلفة عالية. و نحن هنا في هذه الأطروحة سوف نقوم ببحث عمليـة النقـل هـذه عبـر شـبكة الإنترنت، التي تستخدم بروتوكول IP/TCP المشـهور بعمليـة تقطيـع و تحـزيم المعلومات المنقولة عبره، و استخدامه تقنية التحزيم و وضع عنوان المرسل و عنوان المستقبل في ترويسة الحزمة، و سوف نتعرض للمشاكل التي تواجه هـذه التقنيـة الجديدة و الحلول المقترحة لذلك.
No English abstract
References used
Richard Swale:، Voice Over IP :systems and solutions’ , Institution of Electrical Engineers, London2001
Peterson,David M.,TCP/IP Networing: A guide to the IBM Envirnment, McGraw-Hill1995
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Services that demanded by users via internet network are classified in two main
kinds, Services work in real time such as video and voice in real time and use UDP
protocol, and other services that work in non-real time such as web browsing (HTTP) a
nd
file transfer (FTP) which use TCP Protocol.
In this research, we study and analyze algorithms that enhance the quality of service
for various applications. For real time application, we use queues disciplines, which gives
high priority for these services and achieves minimum delay. For non-real time application,
we study congestion control algorithms, which achieve best performance for reliable
transfer process with existing the congestion in the network. We used OPNET 14.5
program for simulating various services via internet network. Simulation results show
achieving minimum delay for voice service, and achieving high transmission rate for FTP
application with existing of packets loss in the network.
تطبيقات الزمن الحقيقي
التحكم بالازدحام
Congestion Control
تطبيقات الزمن غير الحقيقي
قواعد الرتل
خوارزمية البداية البطيئة
تجنب الازدحام
خوارزمية إعادة الإرسال السريع و الاستعادة السريعة
Real Time application
non-real time application
Queue disciplines
Slow start algorithms
Congestion avoidance algorithms
Fast retransmit and Fast recovery
المزيد..
Zero-shot transfer learning for dialogue state tracking (DST) enables us to handle a variety of task-oriented dialogue domains without the expense of collecting in-domain data. In this work, we propose to transfer the cross-task knowledge from genera
l question answering (QA) corpora for the zero-shot DST task. Specifically, we propose TransferQA, a transferable generative QA model that seamlessly combines extractive QA and multi-choice QA via a text-to-text transformer framework, and tracks both categorical slots and non-categorical slots in DST. In addition, we introduce two effective ways to construct unanswerable questions, namely, negative question sampling and context truncation, which enable our model to handle none value slots in the zero-shot DST setting. The extensive experiments show that our approaches substantially improve the existing zero-shot and few-shot results on MultiWoz. Moreover, compared to the fully trained baseline on the Schema-Guided Dialogue dataset, our approach shows better generalization ability in unseen domains.
The spread of the modern data transfer techniques, in modern industrial and agricultural applications, and service areas, leads to the need to transfer this data effectively and flexibly, within installations parts.
This research aims to apply the h
ybrid mechanism, based on the use of ZigBee technology, and CAN Bus together to ensure the best performance, in accordance with the performance indicators required by the networks of these facilities, in near-real time operation. The study attempts to compare this mechanism with other mechanisms proposed in similar research.
The proposed solution supports the use of a hybrid data transfer networks, based on the internetworking of CAN Bus networks, using a backbone based on wireless ZigBee technology. This solution proposes an appropriate structure for gateways between the hybrid parts of the network. The research has concluded that the proposed mechanism preference, compared with the proposed mechanisms in similar research, according to the standards of performance indicators, is suitable for this kind of networks, as it allows us to recommend the use of this mechanism in the service and industrial applications. The NS2 network simulator is used to evaluate and compare the obtained results.
The objective of this research is to identify the obstacles to the use of internet marketing by individuals, has been relying on descriptive analytical method, a questionnaire was developed and make sure of his sincerity and the persistence coefficie
nt, the questionnaire was distributed to the students of the Faculty the second of Economy in Tartous, in order to obtain necessary data for the study.
The study found the following results: There were no statistically significant differences between (the Internet infrastructure, the expected risk, distrust for electronic marketing, legislation and laws) and the faith in e-procurement, while no statistically significant relationship between the weakness of experience and awareness of internet marketing and intent in e-procurement and these results back to the nature of the sample taken.
The study was presented a set of recommendations including: the need to raise awareness of and confidence in scientific knowledge about the importance of internet marketing, and the need to increase awareness of the importance of the use of computer.
Successful conversational search systems can present natural, adaptive and interactive shopping experience for online shopping customers. However, building such systems from scratch faces real word challenges from both imperfect product schema/knowle
dge and lack of training dialog data. In this work we first propose ConvSearch, an end-to-end conversational search system that deeply combines the dialog system with search. It leverages the text profile to retrieve products, which is more robust against imperfect product schema/knowledge compared with using product attributes alone. We then address the lack of data challenges by proposing an utterance transfer approach that generates dialogue utterances by using existing dialog from other domains, and leveraging the search behavior data from e-commerce retailer. With utterance transfer, we introduce a new conversational search dataset for online shopping. Experiments show that our utterance transfer method can significantly improve the availability of training dialogue data without crowd-sourcing, and the conversational search system significantly outperformed the best tested baseline.
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