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Register a new userExecutive measures which could be applied by the coastal state in the regionalized sea
التدابير التنفيذية التي يحق للدولة الساحلية اتخاذها في البحر الإقليمي
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بسام أحمد( باحث )
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استقر العرف على أن للدولة الساحلية سيادة تامة على بحرها الإقليمي و على قاعه و باطن قاعه و ما يعلوه من طبقات الجو، كما أن من المسلم به أيضاً أن هذه السيادة مقيدة لمصلحة الجماعة الدولية بما يعرف باسم " حق المرور البريء " إن فعالية قواعد القانون الدولي المتعلقة بالبحر الإقليمي تتوقف على قدرتها في تحقيق التوازن بين مصلحة الدولة الساحلية في سيادتها على البحر الإقليمي و بين مصلحة الجماعة الدولية في الملاحة عبر هذا البحر و هذا يرتبط بالتزام الدول بسَن التشريعات و اللوائح و اتخاذ الإجراءات التنفيذية المتوافقة مع القانون الدولي بما يضمن استقرار العلاقات الدولية في هذا الحيز الهام من البحار.
The custom was settled that the coastal state had complete sovereignty on its regionalized sea, benthos, interiority of benthos and layers of atmosphere, taking for granted that this sovereignty was restricted by the international community interests which known as “the right of innocent passage”. The effectiveness of rules of international law, which was related to regionalized sea, depended on its ability to achieve balance between the interest of coastal state in its sovereignty on regionalized sea and the interest of international community in the navigation across the regionalized sea. In fact, this could be achieved when states were committed to enact legislations, measures and executive procedures which were compatible with international law which could led to the settlement of international relations in this part of the sea.
References used
اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لقانون البحار لعام 1983.
قانون البحر الإقليمي السورية رقم 28 لعام 2003.
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The Public budget of the state is deemed as a mirror reflecting
all the state activities and functions in all political, economic, social,
cultural and military fields. Furthermore, It is also considered one of
important fundamental issues to the
State to perform the functions
conferred upon it in the management of the national economy and
directing it in accordance with the set plan.
The public budget can be defined as a financial plan issued
annually by legislative deed determining the public expenditure and
revenue, in which the state leads its role in carrying out its
administrative functions and the implementation of economic and
social plans.
Moreover, the public budget has several stages prior to issuing it.
The first one is preparation in which every ministry to prepare a Bill
budget in line with the overall objectives of the plan for economic
state, and then the Ministry of Finance to prepare the state budget
project after its study of the Bill budget for each ministry separately,
taking into consideration creating some kind of balance between
expenditure and revenue in order to get parliament's approval on the
Bill of the public budget.
It gives the public law of the administrative powers the permit to
carry out a series of actions to ensure the satisfaction of public needs,
thereby achieving the public need. Generally, these acts of
administrative and business are the availability of public power element
which clearly shows the composition of the administrative decision and
the administrative contract.
This paper seeks to present a conception of the sea and its effective role in the
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tellers who travelled at sea in search for mysteries of life to gain an unders
tanding of the
universe and explore the suffering of coastal residents. This conception is manifested in the
short story writings by Abul Kader Rabe'a, Muhsen Yousef, Muhammad Smeer Jua'ra and
others.
The sea in the short story represents human concerns and the interdependent
relationship between man and the sea. Each writer in his own way moves as a result of
suffering from the private concerns to the national concerns. This is the center of Muhsen
Yousef's stories through a heroic resistance and bitter struggles with the powers of evil
aliened with internal powers that have attempted to control the nation's coasts. The Arab
resistant triumphs over the powers of evil in a heroic epic and forces the powers to
withdraw in defeat.
A geological geophysical study was carried out to determine positions of gypsum Messinian (seismic reflector) at different depths on land (eastern Lattakia) and under the seabed of western Lattakia During Messinian the tectonic action changed Med
iterranean Sea to evaporated basin.
Northwestern Syria was affected by salinity crisis because sea water regret from it and due to that it formed lagoons.
The establishment of geological sections allowed to determine reflector surface and gypsum positions by linking geological sections on land to marine seismic profiles and correlating it with drilled wells in Lattakia and seismic unites determined by (Hall et al., 2005).
This study includes the evaluation of the problem of seawater intrusion in Al-Bassa area in
2014 through chemical monitoring of a group of sampling wells, under certain condition
that were subjected to the area during the research, representing by
rainfall precipitation in
the study area was only 500 mm/ year, as a result in the suspension of irrigation from 16
October lake and reuse of many abandoned pumping wells.
This study founds an increasing in the salinity values in the Al- Bassa coastal area of
summer in 2014, ranging between(665.6-6432mg/l)after increasing daily pumping rates, in
addition to the increasing of chloride and sodium concentrations in most of sampling wells
water in conjunction with high salinity levels. In the fall, the salinity values ranged
between 490-950 mg / l. The geochemistry of Na/Cl indicates values less than 0.84 in
most water samples during the summer, while in autumn this percentage was higher than
0.84 in most samples ,to be an indicator for marine water.
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