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Register a new userRehabilitation in Islamic jurisprudence (Comparative Study)
إعادة الاعتبار في الفقه الإسلامي (دراسة مقارنة)
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غيداء المصري( باحث )
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تتجه التشريعات في العالم إلى الاهتمام بالرعاية اللاحقة للمحكومين، فهذا المذنب الذي ارتكب جرما و صدر الحكم بحقه يحتاج إلى الرعاية في أثناء تنفيذ عقوبته و بعد تنفيذها ليعود عضواً نافعاً في مجتمعه، و من رعاية المحكومين إعادة اعتبارهم إليهم بعد تنفيذ عقوباتهم، ليعيشوا في مجتمعاتهم موفوري الكرامة و الحقوق. و لذلك تبنت التشريعات الوضعية ما يسمى بمؤسسة رد الاعتبار التي تحاول أن تعالج آثار العقوبات المنفذة، و مع أن هذه المؤسسة لا توجد بهذا الاسم في التشريع الجنائي الإسلامي إلا أن هذا البحث يهدف إلى مقارنة المفاهيم الثابتة في الفقه الإسلامي التي تتقاطع مع مبادئ مؤسسة رد الاعتبار في التشريعات الوضعية _ و خاصة في القانون الجزائي السوري _ و يتضمن البحث تأصيلاً لمفهوم إعادة الاعتبار في الفقه الإسلامي من خلال نظام التوبة و مفهوم الأهلية و العدالة، كما يتضمن بياناً لمنهج التشريع الإسلامي في معالجة آثار الجريمة و عقوباتها في أهلية المحكومين و مكانتهم الاجتماعية.
Legislation, in the world, moves to pay attention to the subsequent care for convicts, and then the culprit who has committed an offense and has been sentenced needs care during and after the implementation of his sentence to be back as a useful member in his society. This care involves convicts' rehabilitation after the implementation of their sentences to preserve their dignity and rights. Therefore, the Positive Legislation has embraced the so-called 'Rehabilitation Institution' which is trying to treat the effects of these sanctions. This institution does not exist by that name in the Islamic Criminal Legislation. However, this research aims to compare the fixed concepts in the Islamic jurisprudence which intersect with the principles of institution of rehabilitation in the positive legislation _ especially in the Syrian Penal Code _ the research involves the rooting of the concept of rehabilitation in the Islamic jurisprudence through the systemof repentance and the concept of eligibility and justice. It also includes a statement of the method of Islamic legislation in dealing with the effects of sanctions after their implementation on the eligibility of convicts and their social status.
References used
أحكام القرآن لابن العربي، محمد بن عبد الله الأندلسي ( 543 ه)،دار الكتب العلمية.
أحكام القرآن، أبو بكر بن علي الرازي الجصاص، ( 370 ه)، دار الفكر.
الإجماع، محمد بن إبراهيم بن المنذر النيسابوري( 318 ه)، دار الدعوة، الاسكندرية، ط 3 1402 ه .
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