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Register a new userGoogle-trickers, Yaminjeongeum, and Leetspeak: An Empirical Taxonomy for Intentionally Noisy User-Generated Text
Google-trickers، Yaminjeongeum، و Leetspeak: تصنيف تجريبي للنص المولّد من المستخدم الحاوي على ضجيج
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تحذير: تحتوي هذه المقالة على محتويات قد تسيء إلى القراء. الاستراتيجيات التي تنشر ضجيجا متعمدا في نص عند نشرها شائعة في فضاء الإنترنت، وأحيانا تهدف إلى السماح لبعض أفراد المجتمع فقط بفهم الدلالات الحقيقية. في هذه الورقة، نستكشف الغرض من هذه الإجراءات عن طريق تصنيفها إلى حيل و ميمز وفلاتر والأكواد، وتنظيم الاستراتيجيات اللغوية المستخدمة في كل غرض. من خلال ذلك، نحدد أن يتم إجراء هذه الاستراتيجيات من قبل مؤلفين لأغراض متعددة، فيما يتعلق بوجود أصحاب المصلحة مثل الأقران والآخرين.ونحلل أخيرا كيفية ظهور هذه الاستراتيجيات بشكل مختلف في كل ظرف من الظروف، إلى جانب الأمثلة المصاحبة للتصنيف الموحد.
WARNING: This article contains contents that may offend the readers. Strategies that insert intentional noise into text when posting it are commonly observed in the online space, and sometimes they aim to let only certain community users understand the genuine semantics. In this paper, we explore the purpose of such actions by categorizing them into tricks, memes, fillers, and codes, and organize the linguistic strategies that are used for each purpose. Through this, we identify that such strategies can be conducted by authors for multiple purposes, regarding the presence of stakeholders such as Peers' and Others'. We finally analyze how these strategies appear differently in each circumstance, along with the unified taxonomy accompanying examples.
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Sensitivity of deep-neural models to input noise is known to be a challenging problem. In NLP, model performance often deteriorates with naturally occurring noise, such as spelling errors. To mitigate this issue, models may leverage artificially nois
ed data. However, the amount and type of generated noise has so far been determined arbitrarily. We therefore propose to model the errors statistically from grammatical-error-correction corpora. We present a thorough evaluation of several state-of-the-art NLP systems' robustness in multiple languages, with tasks including morpho-syntactic analysis, named entity recognition, neural machine translation, a subset of the GLUE benchmark and reading comprehension. We also compare two approaches to address the performance drop: a) training the NLP models with noised data generated by our framework; and b) reducing the input noise with external system for natural language correction. The code is released at https://github.com/ufal/kazitext.
Morphological analysis (MA) and lexical normalization (LN) are both important tasks for Japanese user-generated text (UGT). To evaluate and compare different MA/LN systems, we have constructed a publicly available Japanese UGT corpus. Our corpus comp
rises 929 sentences annotated with morphological and normalization information, along with category information we classified for frequent UGT-specific phenomena. Experiments on the corpus demonstrated the low performance of existing MA/LN methods for non-general words and non-standard forms, indicating that the corpus would be a challenging benchmark for further research on UGT.
User-generated texts include various types of stylistic properties, or noises. Such texts are not properly processed by existing morpheme analyzers or language models based on formal texts such as encyclopedias or news articles. In this paper, we pro
pose a simple morphologically tight-fitting tokenizer (K-MT) that can better process proper nouns, coinages, and internet slang among other types of noise in Korean user-generated texts. We tested our tokenizer by performing classification tasks on Korean user-generated movie reviews and hate speech datasets, and the Korean Named Entity Recognition dataset. Through our tests, we found that K-MT is better fit to process internet slangs, proper nouns, and coinages, compared to a morpheme analyzer and a character-level WordPiece tokenizer.
We present an algorithm based on multi-layer transformers for identifying Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in social media data. Our model relies on the properties of the problem and the characteristics of contextual word embeddings to extract two views
from documents. Then a classifier is trained on each view to label a set of unlabeled documents to be used as an initializer for a new classifier in the other view. Finally, the initialized classifier in each view is further trained using the initial training examples. We evaluated our model in the largest publicly available ADR dataset. The experiments testify that our model significantly outperforms the transformer-based models pretrained on domain-specific data.
Orthorectification is the process of geometrically correcting imagery for geometric
distortions which can be caused by topography, camera geometry, and sensor related
errors. The output of orthorectification has the same geometric characteristics o
f a
traditional map. But getting areal or satellite images is an expensive process requiring
complex administrative procedures .
In this study we propose take advantage of free images available in the browser
Google Earth in order to produce an orthophoto. Then we will assess the horizontal
accuracy of the resulted orthophoto to know the limitations of its use engineering
applications such as maps production and updating. The proposed methodology is based on
the flight simulation process within Google Earth to acquire a stereoscopic pair of
overlapping images. After that, this pair will be oriented using control points. The oriented
pair is then used to generate a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and to generate the
orthophoto. Later, we will examine the accuracy of this orthophoto by comparing it with a
topographic plane (scale 1/1000) and with a rectified satellite image of the same area.
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