This paper focuses on the estimation schemes of a viable position for timing belt
drives where the position of the carriage (load) is to be determined via reference models
receiving input from a position sensor attached to the actuator of the timin
g belt. A detailed
analysis of the transmission error sources is presented, and a number of relevant
mathematical models is developed using a priori knowledge of the process. This paper
demonstrates that such schemes are very effective when the drive system is not subjected
to external loads
and operating conditions do not change considerably i.e. ambient temperature, and
belt tension.
Aluminum alloys have got extreme industrial importance since 19th century
until now. They enter into several light and heavy industries. aluminum is
hardened by impurity due to industrial application. In this study, aluminumcupper
alloys (with 0.5
% Mg) were prepared, where cupper amount was added
to aluminum in different percentages (2.5%,4%,4.5%) ,no overtaking degree of
saturation 6% of the weight of cupper. After adding definite percentage of
cupper to aluminum, the compounds are fusioned for complete blending, where
cupper atoms diffuse into aluminum. Samples are infusioned by definite
methods and circumstances. The prepared alloys were thermally treated during
8-30 hours for hardening. In this research we will concentrate on the influence
of cupper content on hardening of aluminum and other basic conditions, which
are needed to obtain higher hardness for aluminum alloys.
