Process variables in catalytic reforming

Reaction temperature and space velocity are two of the most important process variables in catalytic reforming. They affect both the octane number of the reformate and its volumetric yield. The present study has demonstrated that there is a definite relationship between the reaction temperature and space velocity. The effect of the change in space velocity became insignificant at a temperature of 425ºC where space velocity does not seem to have an effect on the volumetric yield at a temperature of 390ºC where all lines meet. Equally, at a space velocity of 4.3 the temperature does not seem to have an effect on the volumetric yield, and the effect of temperature became insignificant at a space velocity of 4.6 .

Relationship between the octane number of motor gasoline and its aniline point

Aniline point is an indicator of chemical composition of motor gasoline and diesel fuel and of their aromatic and paraffinic contents in particular. A significant relationship between the research octane number of unleaded motor gasoline and its aniline point was investigated. This relationship was evident in particular in the case of aromatic and naphthenic compounds with higher octane numbers. A correlation equation with a correlation coefficient of 95% was found with an acceptable average error.

Thermal and Catalytic Cracking of Rubber Polystyrene

This research depends on treating different waste polystyrenes like; general purpose polystyrene, foamed polystyrene (styropor), high impact, and rubber modified polystyrene (HIPS) by thermal cracking in order to have liquid products which might be used as additives to gasoline. These products are essentially aromatics and aromatic olefines of a high octane number > ١٠٠, free from sulfer and lead, and they are able to be used as octane boosters. It is possible to redistill these products in order to have styene monomer with a yield of ٤٠ - ٤٣٪, which can be used after that for polymerisation purposes.