The Ayyubid state, which extended from 568 - 661 AH / 1173-1263, was an
important stage in the history of Islamic steadfastness in the face of the Crusader invasion.
The factor of steadfastness in the face of this invasion was the most important ro
le of the
Ayyubid state and its emergence. The emergence idea of Ayyubid state has the banner of
Jihad to expel the invaders, which lasted during the reign of Salah al-Din.
However, the continuation of adopting this idea vanished soon after the death of its
founder Salah al-Din; his inheritors forgot the idea of jihad, and engaged in internal
conflicts and expansionist ambitions, which was the main cause of the failure of this state
in addition to the reasons ,are no less important, discussed in this paper, including the
situation of the Muslim world and its succession, which was supposed to be a supporter
factor for other Islamic forces defending this Islamic world, including the Ayyubid state.
On the contrary, this caliphate suffered from disintegration which was a weakness and
pressure factor on these forces. In addition to other factors that were talked about in the
paper that contributed significantly to the failure of this state, including the economic
factor, religious factor and genetic factor.
This paper also discussed the relationship between the Ayyubid state and the other
Islamic forces, which was hostile rather than peaceful, which made them exhausted their
forces and the forces of these Islamic countries.
The research centers around the conflict between the Ayyubid and Romanians
Seljuks in the Levant. the causes behind these conflicts were mainly personal reasons and
ambitions of expansion began in the reign of Alsultanyen Saladin and Kilij Arslan I
I
Seljuk, when Arslan wanted to expand to south and included both Kisom and Raban forts.
so the relationship between the two parties tensed and continued like that to the end of the
two Sultans' eras. the relationship between the two countries wasn't even better after their
death,too. tensions continued in the era of Aladel Ayoubi and Ghayath KaiKhosrow Seljuk
and this conflict attracted several alliances which did not produce any result but deepening
the disagreements and exhausting these alliances forces.
Then the modern research talked about Seljuk Sultan Rukn al-Din KayKāvus's
desire to seize Aleppo, his excuse was that the city had been under control of his ancestors.
In this context, he made a contact with ALafdal Ayyubid and added him to his army
because he knew the benefit he would obtain by one of the Ayyubid princes being on his
side, but the Ayyubid were able to stand up to him and force him to withdraw. the
relationship between the two parties continued to be tense till the Seljuk Sultan Rukn al-
Din died, then Alaa Aldeen Keykubad took over his place and set his eyes on Armenia
Minor to dominate it so he concluded a peace with the Ayyubid and married the king
Aladel Ayoub's daughter to make the relationship between them stronger.
