This research is based on comparisons between Arabic and Ugaritic.The considered side requires both theoretical and practical requirements .The theoretical requirement is for prepare an Arabic lexicon demonstrates the Lingual developments
and describe the Ugaritic language semanticlly.The practical one is by etymoning . it means studying the etymons of the Arabic vocabularies in the ancient semantic . and prepare for Ugaritic lexicon The Ugaritic language is considered as a practical example of the semitic language in the comparative analysis for the lexical and semantic phenomena Arabic is one of the nearest languages to the Ugaritic, and both of them retain the ancient sematic language structure
This research aims at offering a comparative analysis of the “negative sentence” in
the Semitic languages, Akkadian, Hebrew, Ugaritic and Arabic. The research proceeds
from the linguistic use in Hamorabi's legislations, The Genesis, The Holy Quran,
and The
myth of Aqhat. The method used was examining these texts, following up the cases of
agreement and disagreement in the syntactical functions of the negative particles.
I tried in to clarify the effect of these particles in the time-meaning of the syntactical
structure through the negative case of the nominal sentence, verbal sentence, and absolute
negative. Then I presented the features of NOT, the oldest negative particle in these
languages.
This examination allowed the research to survey the cases of the negative sentence
in the light of order and apocopation. It refers to the relation between exception and
negative, negative and interrogation, negative and confirmation. It draws attention to the
phonetic changes in the negative particles.
As a conclusion the research states the linguistic study of the negative sentence is of
the basic body of the language. It does not suffice to study the concept of the sentence as it
is mentioned in the books of Arabic or Semitic syntax. The research proves that the
comparative Semitic study endeavors to deep root the linguistic semantic study of the
particles. It presents scientific explanation in phonetic, syntactical and morphological
cases. The researcher is ushered to a wider space in the field of linguistic analysis of the
structures in the Semitic sentence.
