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In the context of cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO), zero-forcing precoding (ZFP) requires the exchange of instantaneous channel state information and precoded data symbols via a fronthaul network. It causes considerable propagation and processing delays, which degrade performance. This letter analyzes the impact of channel aging on the performance of ZFP in cell-free mMIMO. The aging effects of not only user mobility but also phase noise are considered. Numerical results in terms of per-user spectral efficiency are illustrated.
We consider a cell-free hybrid massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with $K$ users and $M$ access points (APs), each with $N_a$ antennas and $N_r< N_a$ radio frequency (RF) chains. When $Kll M{N_a}$, efficient uplink channel estimatio
In this paper, we investigate the impact of channel aging on the performance of cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with both spatial correlation and pilot contamination. We derive novel closed-form uplink and downlin
Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising solution to provide uniform good performance for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. In this paper, we propose the UAV communication with wireless power transfer (W
In this paper, we investigate the impact of channel aging on the performance of cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with pilot contamination. To take into account the channel aging effect due to user mobility, we firs
In cell-free massive MIMO networks, an efficient distributed detection algorithm is of significant importance. In this paper, we propose a distributed expectation propagation (EP) detector for cell-free massive MIMO. The detector is composed of two m