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Spin-polarized samples and spin mixtures of quantum degenerate fermionic atoms are prepared in selected excited Bloch bands of an optical chequerboard square lattice. For the spin-polarized case, extreme band lifetimes above $10,$s are observed, reflecting the suppression of collisions by Paulis exclusion principle. For spin mixtures, lifetimes are reduced by an order of magnitude by two-body collisions between different spin components, but still remarkably large values of about one second are found. By analyzing momentum spectra, we can directly observe the orbital character of the optical lattice. The observations demonstrated here form the basis for exploring the physics of Fermi gases with two paired spin components in orbital optical lattices, including the regime of unitarity.
In this paper we analytically investigate the ground-state properties of a two-dimensional polarized degenerate Fermi gas in a high-finesse optical cavity, which is governed by a generalized Fermi-Dicke model with tunable parameters. By solving the p
We demonstrate a novel technique for cooling a degenerate Fermi gas in a crossed-beam optical dipole trap, where high-energy atoms can be selectively removed from the trap by modulating the stiffness of the trapping potential with anharmonic trapping
We propose a method to prepare a sample of fermionic atoms in a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice at unprecedentedly low temperatures and uniform filling factors. The process involves adiabatic loading of atoms into multiple energy bands of an o
The production of molecules from dual species atomic quantum gases has enabled experiments that employ molecules at nanoKelvin temperatures. As a result, every degree of freedom of these molecules is in a well-defined quantum state and exquisitely co
We introduce a spin-orbit coupling scheme, where a retro-reflected laser beam selectively diffracts two spin components in opposite directions. Spin sensitivity is provided by sweeping through a magnetic-field sensitive transition while dark states e