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Non-resonant Density of States Enhancement at Low Energies for Three or Four Neutrons

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 نشر من قبل Michael Higgins
 تاريخ النشر 2020
  مجال البحث
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The low energy systems of three or four neutrons are treated within the adiabatic hyperspherical framework, yielding an understanding of the low energy quantum states in terms of an adiabatic potential energy curve. The dominant low energy potential curve for each system, computed here using widely accepted nucleon-nucleon interactions with and without the inclusion of a three-nucleon force, shows no sign of a low energy resonance. However, both systems exhibit a low energy enhancement of the density of states, or of the Wigner-Smith time-delay, which derives from long-range universal physics analogous to the Efimov effect. That enhancement could be relevant to understanding the low energy excess of correlated 4-neutron ejection events observed experimentally in a nuclear reaction by Kisamori et al.



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This work presents further analysis of the three- and four-neutron systems in the low energy regime using adiabatic hyperspherical methods. In our previous Phys. Rev. Lett. article (Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 052501 (2020)), the low-energy behavior of the se neutron systems was treated in the adiabatic approximation, neglecting the off-diagonal non-adiabatic couplings. A thorough analysis of the density of states through a multi-channel treatment of the three-and four-neutron scattering near the scattering continuum threshold is performed, showing no evidence of a 4n resonance at low energy. A detailed analysis of the long-range behavior of the lowest few adiabatic hyperspherical potentials shows there is an attractive $rho^{-3}$ universal behavior which dominates in the low-energy regime of the multi-channel scattering. This long-range behavior leads to a divergent behavior of the density of state for $Erightarrow0$ that could account for the low-energy signal observed in the 2016 experiment by Kisamori et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 052501 (2016)).
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