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We coincidently measure the molecular frame photoelectron angular distribution and the ion sum-momentum distribution of single and double ionization of CO molecules by using circularly and elliptically polarized femtosecond laser pulses, respectively. The orientation dependent ionization rates for various kinetic energy releases allow us to individually identify the ionizations of multiple orbitals, ranging from the highest occupied to the next two lower-lying molecular orbitals for various channels observed in our experiments. Not only the emission of a single electron, but also the sequential tunneling dynamics of two electrons from multiple orbitals are traced step by step. Our results confirm that the shape of the ionizing orbitals determine the strong laser field tunneling ionization in the CO molecule, whereas the linear Stark effect plays a minor role.
A new pathway of strong laser field induced ionization of an atom is identified which is based on recollisions under the tunneling barrier. With an amended strong field approximation, the interference of the direct and the under-the-barrier recollidi
When a strong laser pulse induces the ionization of an atom, momentum conservation dictates that the absorbed photons transfer their momentum $p_{gamma}=E_{gamma}/c$ to the electron and its parent ion. Even after 30 years of studying strong-field ion
Based on the strong-field approximation, we obtain analytical expressions for the initial momentum at the tunnel exit and instantaneous ionization rate of tunneling ionization in elliptically polarized laser fields with arbitrary ellipticity. The tun
Molecules show a much increased multiple ionization rate in a strong laser field as compared to atoms of similar ionization energy. A widely accepted model attributes this to the action of the joint fields of the adjacent ionic core and the laser on
Recently, in a strong Coulomb field regime of tunneling ionization an unexpected large enhancement of photoelectron spectra due to the Coulomb field of the atomic core has been identified by numerical solution of time-dependent Schrodinger equation [