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Dynamics of a system that performs a large fluctuation to a given state is essentially deterministic: the distribution of fluctuational paths peaks sharply at a certain optimal path along which the system is most likely to move. For the general case of a system driven by colored Gaussian noise, we provide a formulation of the variational problem for optimal paths. We also consider the prehistory problem, which makes it possible to analyze the shape of the distribution of fluctuational paths that arrive at a given state. We obtain, and solve in the limiting case, a set of linear equations for the characteristic width of this distribution.
Fluctuations in systems away from thermal equilibrium have features that have no analog in equilibrium systems. One of such features concerns large rare excursions far from the stable state in the space of dynamical variables. For equilibrium systems
We report on the onset of anti-resonant behaviour of mass transport systems driven by time-dependent forces. Anti-resonances arise from the coupling of a sufficiently high number of space-time modes of the force. The presence of forces having a wide
We study the macroscopic behavior of a stochastic spin ensemble driven by a discrete Markov jump process motivated by the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm where the proposal is made with spatially correlated (colored) noise, and hence fails to be symmet
The effect of a change of noise amplitudes in overdamped diffusive systems is linked to their unperturbed behavior by means of a nonequilibrium fluctuation-response relation. This formula holds also for systems with state-independent nontrivial diffu
We have found experimentally that the shot noise of the tunneling current $I$ through an undoped semiconductor superlattice is reduced with respect to the Poissonian noise value $2eI$, and that the noise approaches 1/3 of that value in superlattices