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In this paper, approximate outage probability (OP) expressions are derived for uplink cell-free massive multiple-input-multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) system. The access points (APs) of the system considered have imperfect channel state information (CSI). The approximate expressions are derived first using conditional expectations and then using a novel dimension reduction method that approximates higher-order integration by several single order integrations. Using the same approach, closed-form approximations are also derived for conventional massive MIMO (mMIMO) systems. The OP approximations are then used to characterize the performance of cell-edge users of CF-mMIMO systems and compare the designs of CF-mMIMO and mMIMO systems. The derived expressions have a close match with the simulated expression for OP.
In this paper, the design of robust linear precoders for the massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) downlink with imperfect channel state information (CSI) is investigated. The imperfect CSI for each UE obtained at the BS is modeled as statistical C
In this paper, the feasibility of a new downlink transmission mode in massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems is investigated with two types of users, i.e., the users with only statistical channel state information (CSI) and the users with im
In this paper, we investigate the performance of cell-free massive MIMO systems with massive connectivity. With the generalized approximate message passing (GAMP) algorithm, we obtain the minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) estimate of the effective ch
In this work, we investigate hybrid analog-digital beamforming (HBF) architectures for uplink cell-free (CF) millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. {We first propose two HBF schemes, namely, decentralized HBF
In this paper, we investigate the impact of channel aging on the performance of cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with pilot contamination. To take into account the channel aging effect due to user mobility, we firs