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Natural memories are associative, declarative and distributed. Symbolic computing memories resemble natural memories in their declarative character, and information can be stored and recovered explicitly; however, they lack the associative and distributed properties of natural memories. Sub-symbolic memories developed within the connectionist or artificial neural networks paradigm are associative and distributed, but are unable to express symbolic structure and information cannot be stored and retrieved explicitly; hence, they lack the declarative property. To address this dilemma, we use Relational-Indeterminate Computing to model associative memory registers that hold distributed representations of individual objects. This mode of computing has an intrinsic computing entropy which measures the indeterminacy of representations. This parameter determines the operational characteristics of the memory. Associative registers are embedded in an architecture that maps concrete images expressed in modality-specific buffers into abstract representations, and vice versa, and the memory system as a whole fulfills the three properties of natural memories. The system has been used to model a visual memory holding the representations of hand-written digits, and recognition and recall experiments show that there is a range of entropy values, not too low and not too high, in which associative memory registers have a satisfactory performance. The similarity between the cue and the object recovered in memory retrieve operations depends on the entropy of the memory register holding the representation of the corresponding object. The experiments were implemented in a simulation using a standard computer, but a parallel architecture may be built where the memory operations would take a very reduced number of computing steps.
Long memory or long range dependency is an important phenomenon that may arise in the analysis of time series or spatial data. Most of the definitions of long memory of a stationary process $X={X_1, X_2,cdots,}$ are based on the second-order properti
We investigate a new method to augment recurrent neural networks with extra memory without increasing the number of network parameters. The system has an associative memory based on complex-valued vectors and is closely related to Holographic Reduced
Despite recent progress in memory augmented neural network (MANN) research, associative memory networks with a single external memory still show limited performance on complex relational reasoning tasks. Especially the content-based addressable memor
We consider the problem of identifying the causal direction between two discrete random variables using observational data. Unlike previous work, we keep the most general functional model but make an assumption on the unobserved exogenous variable: I
The paper proposes an improved quantum associative algorithm with distributed query based on model proposed by Ezhov et al. We introduce two modifications of the query that optimized data retrieval of correct multi-patterns simultaneously for any rat