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Data students collect from the typical advanced undergraduate laboratory on Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy (SAS) of rubidium can be used to measure the isotope shift and thus leads to an estimate of the isotopic ground state energy shift. This helps students refine their `picture of the atomic ground state. We describe theoretically why this laboratory works well with free-running laser diodes, demonstrate it experimentally using these lasers tuned to either principal near-infrared transitions, and show an extension of the laboratory using the modulation transfer spectroscopy method.
We calculate field isotope shifts for nobelium atoms using nuclear charge distributions which come from different nuclear models. We demonstrate that comparing calculated isotope shifts with experiment can serve as a testing ground for nuclear theori
We report a new determination of muonium 1S-2S transition frequency and its isotope shift with deuterium by recalibrating the iodine reference lines using an optical frequency comb. The reference lines for the muonium and deuterium 1S-2S transitions
It is usually assumed that the field isotope shift (FIS) is completely determined by the change of the averaged squared values of the nuclear charge radius $langle r^2rangle$. Relativistic corrections modify the expression for FIS, which is actually
We present a lifetime measurements of the 6s level of rubidium. We use a time-correlated single-photon counting technique on two different samples of rubidium atoms. A vapor cell with variable rubidium density and a sample of atoms confined and coole
Promising searches for new physics beyond the current Standard Model (SM) of particle physics are feasible through isotope-shift spectroscopy, which is sensitive to a hypothetical fifth force between the neutrons of the nucleus and the electrons of t