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We revisit the theory of the Kondo effect observed by a scanning-tunneling microscope (STM) for transition-metal atoms (TMAs) on noble-metal surfaces, including $d$ and $s$ orbitals of the TMA, surface and bulk conduction states of the metal, and their hoppingto the tip of the STM. Fitting the experimentally observed STM differential conductance for Co on Cu(111) including both, the Kondo feature near the Fermi energy and the resonance below the surface band, we conclude that the STM senses mainly the Co $s$ orbital and that the Kondo antiresonance is due to interference between states with electrons in the $s$ orbital and a localized $d$ orbital mediated by the conduction states.
We calculate the conductance spectra of a Co atom adsorbed on Cu(111), considering the Co $3d$ orbitals within a correlated multiple configurations model interacting through the substrate band with the Co $4s$ orbital, which is treated in a mean-fiel
Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy are employed to investigate electron tunneling from a C60-terminated tip into a Cu(111) surface. Tunneling between a C60 orbital and the Shockley surface states of copper is shown to prod
Low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals that the Kondo temperature T_K of Co atoms adsorbed on Cu/Co/Cu(100) multilayers varies between 60 K and 134 K as the Cu film thickness decreases from 20 to 5 atomic layers. The observed change
The Kondo zero bias anomaly of Co adatoms probed by scanning tunneling microscopy is known to depend on the height of the tip above the surface, and this dependence is different on different low index Cu surfaces. On the (100) surface, the Kondo temp
We present a study of graphene/substrate interactions on UHV-grown graphene islands with minimal surface contamination using emph{in situ} low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We compare the physical and electronic structure of the sa