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Due to large fluctuations in cellular environments, transfer of information in biological processes without regulation is inherently error-prone. The mechanistic details of error-reducing mechanisms in biological copying processes have been a subject of active research; however, how error reduction of a process is balanced with its thermodynamic cost and dynamical properties remain largely unexplored. Here, we study the error reducing strategies in light of the recently discovered thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) that sets a physical bound to the cost-precision trade-off relevant in general dissipative processes. We found that the two representative copying processes, DNA replication by the exonuclease-deficient T7 DNA polymerase and mRNA translation by the textit{E. coli} ribosome, reduce the error rates to biologically acceptable levels while also optimizing the processes close to the physical limit dictated by TUR.
We study coupled quantum systems as the working media of thermodynamic machines. Under a suitable phase-space transformation, the coupled systems can be expressed as a composition of independent subsystems. We find that for the coupled systems, the f
We review the trade-offs between speed, fluctuations, and thermodynamic cost involved with biological processes in nonequilibrium states, and discuss how optimal these processes are in light of the universal bound set by the thermodynamic uncertainty
Thermal machines perform useful tasks--such as producing work, cooling, or heating--by exchanging energy, and possibly additional conserved quantities such as particles, with reservoirs. Here we consider thermal machines that perform more than one us
Interesting effects arise in cyclic machines where both heat and ergotropy transfer take place between the energising bath and the system (the working fluid). Such effects correspond to unconventional decompositions of energy exchange between the bat
A model of coupled molecular oscillators is proposed to study nonequilibrium thermodynamics of synchronization. We find that synchronization of nonequilibrium oscillators costs energy even when the oscillator-oscillator coupling is conservative. By s