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We study the problem of distinguishing between two distributions on a metric space; i.e., given metric measure spaces $({mathbb X}, d, mu_1)$ and $({mathbb X}, d, mu_2)$, we are interested in the problem of determining from finite data whether or not $mu_1$ is $mu_2$. The key is to use pairwise distances between observations and, employing a reconstruction theorem of Gromov, we can perform such a test using a two sample Kolmogorov--Smirnov test. A real analysis using phylogenetic trees and flu data is presented.
An augmented metric space is a metric space $(X, d_X)$ equipped with a function $f_X: X to mathbb{R}$. This type of data arises commonly in practice, e.g, a point cloud $X$ in $mathbb{R}^d$ where each point $xin X$ has a density function value $f_X(x
Distribution function is essential in statistical inference, and connected with samples to form a directed closed loop by the correspondence theorem in measure theory and the Glivenko-Cantelli and Donsker properties. This connection creates a paradig
Characterizing the dynamics of time-evolving data within the framework of topological data analysis (TDA) has been attracting increasingly more attention. Popular instances of time-evolving data include flocking/swarming behaviors in animals and soci
In this paper we investigate algorithmic randomness on more general spaces than the Cantor space, namely computable metric spaces. To do this, we first develop a unified framework allowing computations with probability measures. We show that any comp
Multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a popular technique for mapping a finite metric space into a low-dimensional Euclidean space in a way that best preserves pairwise distances. We overview the theory of classical MDS, along with its optimality propert