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We consider a gas of $N$ identical hard spheres in the whole space, and we enforce the Boltzmann-Grad scaling. We may suppose that the particles are essentially independent of each other at some initial time; even so, correlations will be created by the dynamics. We will prove a structure theorem for the correlations which develop at positive time. Our result generalizes a previous result which states that there are phase points where the three-particle marginal density factorizes into two-particle and one-particle parts, while further factorization is impossible. The result depends on uniform bounds which are known to hold on a small time interval, or globally in time when the mean free path is large.
Boltzmanns equation provides a microscopic model for the evolution of dilute classical gases. A fundamental problem in mathematical physics is to rigorously derive Boltzmanns equation starting from Newtons laws. In the 1970s, Oscar Lanford provided s
This paper provides the first rigorous derivation of a binary-ternary Boltzmann equation describing the kinetic properties of a dense hard-spheres gas, where particles undergo either binary or ternary instantaneous interactions, while preserving mome
We review a virial-type estimate which bounds the strength of interaction for a gas of $N$ hard spheres (billiard balls) dispersing into Euclidean space $mathbb{R}^d$. This type of estimate has been known for decades in the context of (semi-)dispersi
We consider the motion of a finite though large number $N$ of hard spheres in the whole space $mathbb{R}^n$. Particles move freely until they experience elastic collisions. We use our recent theory of Compensated Integrability in order to estimate ho
We discuss old and new results on the mathematical justification of Boltzmanns equation. The classical result along these lines is a theorem which was proven by Lanford in the 1970s. This paper is naturally divided into three parts. I. Classical. W