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We affirm a conjecture of Sacks [1972] by showing that every countable distributive lattice is isomorphic to an initial segment of the hyperdegrees, $mathcal{D}_{h}$. In fact, we prove that every sublattice of any hyperarithmetic lattice (and so, in particular, every countable locally finite lattice) is isomorphic to an initial segment of $mathcal{D}_{h}$. Corollaries include the decidability of the two quantifier theory of $% mathcal{D}_{h}$ and the undecidability of its three quantifier theory. The key tool in the proof is a new lattice representation theorem that provides a notion of forcing for which we can prove a version of the fusion lemma in the hyperarithmetic setting and so the preservation of $omega _{1}^{CK}$. Somewhat surprisingly, the set theoretic analog of this forcing does not preserve $omega _{1}$. On the other hand, we construct countable lattices that are not isomorphic to an initial segment of $mathcal{D}_{h}$.
If $M prec N$ are models of Peano Arithmetic and Lt$(N/M)$ is the pentagon lattice $N_5$, then $N$ is either a cofinal or an end extension of $M$. In contrast, there are $M prec N$ that are models of PA* (PA in a language with countably many new pred
In this paper we study the reverse mathematics of two theorems by Bonnet about partial orders. These results concern the structure and cardinality of the collection of the initial intervals. The first theorem states that a partial order has no infini
An old theorem of Adamek constructs initial algebras for sufficiently cocontinuous endofunctors via transfinite iteration over ordinals in classical set theory. We prove a new version that works in constructive logic, using inflationary iteration ove
A notion of interpretation between arbitrary logics is introduced, and the poset Log of all logics ordered under interpretability is studied. It is shown that in Log infima of arbitrarily large sets exist, but binary suprema in general do not. On the
Let B be a commutative Bezout domain B and let MSpec(B) be the maximal spectrum of B. We obtain a Feferman-Vaught type theorem for the class of B-modules. We analyse the definable sets in terms, on one hand, of the definable sets in the classes of mo