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Recent attoclock experiments using the attsecond angular streaking technique enabled the measurement of the tunneling time delay during laser induced strong field ionization. Theoretically the tunneling time delay is commonly modelled by the Wigner time delay concept which is derived from the derivative of the electron wave function phase with respect to energy. Here, we present an alternative method for the calculation of the Wigner time delay by using the fixed energy propagator. The developed formalism is applied to the nonrelativistic as well as to the relativistic regime of the tunnel-ionization process from a zero-range potential, where in the latter regime the propagator can be given by means of the proper-time method.
More than 100 years after its discovery and its explanation in the energy domain, the duration of the photoelectric effect is still heavily studied. The emission time of a photoelectron can be quantified by the Wigner time delay. Experiments addressi
Several recent attoclock experiments have investigated the fundamental question of a quantum mechanically induced time delay in tunneling ionization via extremely precise photoelectron momentum spectroscopy. The interpretations of those attoclock exp
We investigate specific features in the Wigner time behavior for slow electron elastic scattering by shallow potential wells. We considered two types of potentials wells, the small changes in the parameters of which lead to arising bound states in th
The average dwell time of an electron in a potential barrier formed by an external electric field and the potential of a helium atom is evaluated within a semi classical one-dimensional tunneling approach. The tunneling electron is considered to inte
High-harmonics generation spectroscopy is a promising tool for resolving electron dynamics and structure in atomic and molecular systems. This scheme, commonly described by the strong field approximation, requires a deep insight into the basic mechan