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The average dwell time of an electron in a potential barrier formed by an external electric field and the potential of a helium atom is evaluated within a semi classical one-dimensional tunneling approach. The tunneling electron is considered to interact with a nuclear charge screened by the electron in the helium ion. It is found that screening leads to smaller average dwell times of the tunneling electron. The dissipative effect of the environment on the tunneling electron is taken into account within a semiclassical model involving a velocity dependent frictional force and is found to change the average dwell time significantly.
Recent attoclock experiments using the attsecond angular streaking technique enabled the measurement of the tunneling time delay during laser induced strong field ionization. Theoretically the tunneling time delay is commonly modelled by the Wigner t
The importance of multi-electron dynamics during the tunnel ionization of a correlated quantum system is investigated. By comparison of the solution of the time-dependent Schru007fodinger equation (TDSE) with the time-dependent configuration interact
The coherent control of electron beams and ultrafast electron wave packets dynamics have attracted significant attention in electron microscopy as well as in atomic physics. In order to unify the conceptual pictures developed in both fields, we demon
Modern intense ultrafast pulsed lasers generate an electric field of sufficient strength to permit tunnel ionization of the valence electrons in atoms. This process is usually treated as a rapid succession of isolated events, in which the states of t
The electron-neutrino mass (or masses and mixing angles) may be directly measurable in weak electron-capture decays. The favoured experimental technique is calorimetric. The optimal nuclide is $^{163}$Ho, and several experiments (ECHo, HOLMES and NuM