ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
This paper is concerned with complex macroscopic behaviour arising in many-body systems through the combinations of competitive interactions and disorder, even with simple ingredients at the microscopic level. It attempts to indicate and illustrate the richness that has arisen, in conceptual understanding, in methodology and in application, across a large range of scientific disciplines, together with a hint of some of the further opportunities that remain to be tapped. In doing so it takes the perspective of physics and tries to show, albeit rather briefly, how physics has contributed and been stimulated.
Complex macroscopic behaviour can arise in many-body systems with only very simple elements as a consequence of the combination of competition and inhomogeneity. This paper attempts to illustrate how statistical physics has driven this recognition, h
Comparisons and analogies are drawn between materials ferroic glasses and conventional spin glasses, in terms of both experiment and theoretical modelling, with inter-system conceptual transfers leading to suggestions of further issues to investigate.
Network glasses are the physical prototype for many self-organized systems, ranging from proteins to computer science. Conventional theories of gases, liquids, and crystals do not account for the strongly material-selective character of the glass-for
In this note, we provide a unifying framework to investigate the computational complexity of classical spin models and give the full classification on spin models in terms of system dimensions, randomness, external magnetic fields and types of spin c
The Huckel Hamiltonian is an incredibly simple tight-binding model famed for its ability to capture qualitative physics phenomena arising from electron interactions in molecules and materials. Part of its simplicity arises from using only two types o