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We review the current state of empirical knowledge of the total budget of baryonic matter in the Universe as observed since the epoch of reionization. Our summary examines on three milestone redshifts since the reionization of H in the IGM, z = 3, 1, and 0, with emphasis on the endpoints. We review the observational techniques used to discover and characterize the phases of baryons. In the spirit of the meeting, the level is aimed at a diverse and non-expert audience and additional attention is given to describe how space missions expected to launch within the next decade will impact this scientific field.
Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been extensively studied. However, research on egocentric traffic videos with dynamic scenes lacks large-scale benchmark datasets as well as effective evaluation metrics. This paper proposes traffic anomaly detection
The recent LIGO detection of gravitational waves (GW150914), likely originating from the merger of two $sim 30 M_odot$ black holes suggests progenitor stars of low metallicity ($[Z/Z_odot] lesssim 0.3$), constraining when and where the progenitor of
Numerous powerful point process models have been developed to understand temporal patterns in sequential data from fields such as health-care, electronic commerce, social networks, and natural disaster forecasting. In this paper, we develop novel mod
In times marked by political turbulence and uncertainty, as well as increasing divisiveness and hyperpartisanship, Governments need to use every tool at their disposal to understand and respond to the concerns of their citizens. We study issues raise
Capturing interpretable variations has long been one of the goals in disentanglement learning. However, unlike the independence assumption, interpretability has rarely been exploited to encourage disentanglement in the unsupervised setting. In this p