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From photometric observations of elliptical galaxies, among which are both radio galaxies and radio-quiet objects, an investigation was carried out of the relationship `redshift -- age of the stellar system $(Delta z/Delta t)$. By means of this relationship cosmological parameters $H(z)$ and $Omega_Lambda$ are estimated. Ages of stellar systems are determined within the framework of evolution models of synthetic spectra PEGASE and GISSEL. This approach can be considered as time study of objects of the early Universe independent of other cosmological models. Construction of a pooled sample is described, containing 220 objects from different populations of elliptical galaxies, for which an analysis of the upper limit of the age of formation of a stellar system was performed. These data were used to estimate the boundaries of determination of the cosmological parameters $H_0$ and $Lambda$--term: $H_0=72pm10$ and $Omega_Lambda=0.8pm0.1$ in the model GISSEL and $H_0=53pm10$, and $Omega_Lambda=0.8pm0.1$ in the model PEGASE.
We present distance measurements to 71 high redshift type Ia supernovae discovered during the first year of the 5-year Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS). These events were detected and their multi-color light-curves measured using the MegaPrime/MegaCam
Different ways of the determination of masses of galactic disks, based on the kinematic data, are briefly discussed. The analysis of the rotation curves which reach maximum inside of a disk, and N-body modeling, reproducing the rotation curves and st
Galaxy evolution by interaction driven transformation is probably highly efficient in groups of galaxies. Dwarf galaxies with their shallow potential are expected to reflect the interaction most prominently in their observable structure. The major ai
The CNOC redshift survey of galaxy clusters measures Omega_M from Omega_e(z)= M/L x j/rho_c which can be applied on a cluster-by-cluster basis. The mass-to-light ratios, M/L, are estimated from rich galaxy clusters, corrected to the field population
We have used the latest data from the ALEPH Collaboration to extract values for QCD condensates up to dimension d=12 in the V-A channel and up to dimension d=8 in the V, A and V+A channels. Performing 2- and 3-parameter fits, we obtain new results fo