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A fundamental result in extremal set theory is Katonas shadow intersection theorem, which extends the Kruskal-Katona theorem by giving a lower bound on the size of the shadow of an intersecting family of $k$-sets in terms of its size. We improve this classical result and a related result of Ahlswede, Aydinian, and Khachatrian by proving tight bounds for families that can be quite small. For example, when $k=3$ our result is sharp for all families with $n$ points and at least $3n-7$ triples. Katonas theorem was extended by Frankl to families with matching number $s$. We improve Frankls result by giving tight bounds for large $n$.
Given a hypergraph $H$ and a weight function $w: V rightarrow {1, dots, M}$ on its vertices, we say that $w$ is isolating if there is exactly one edge of minimum weight $w(e) = sum_{i in e} w(i)$. The Isolation Lemma is a combinatorial principle intr
We study the Excluded Grid Theorem, a fundamental structural result in graph theory, that was proved by Robertson and Seymour in their seminal work on graph minors. The theorem states that there is a function $f: mathbb{Z}^+ to mathbb{Z}^+$, such tha
Let $n > k > t geq j geq 1$ be integers. Let $X$ be an $n$-element set, ${Xchoose k}$ the collection of its $k$-subsets. A family $mathcal F subset {Xchoose k}$ is called $t$-intersecting if $|F cap F| geq t$ for all $F, F in mathcal F$. The $j$th sh
Partition functions arise in statistical physics and probability theory as the normalizing constant of Gibbs measures and in combinatorics and graph theory as graph polynomials. For instance the partition functions of the hard-core model and monomer-
Let $G$ be a simple graph with $2n$ vertices and a perfect matching. The forcing number of a perfect matching $M$ of $G$ is the smallest cardinality of a subset of $M$ that is contained in no other perfect matching of $G$. Let $f(G)$ and $F(G)$ denot