Given a self-adjoint operator $H_0$ and a relatively $H_0$-compact self-adjoint operator $V,$ the functions $r_j(z) = - sigma_j^{-1}(z),$ where $sigma_j(z)$ are eigenvalues of the compact operator $(H_0-z)^{-1}V,$ bear a lot of important information
about the pair $H_0$ and $V.$ We call them coupling resonances. In case of rank one (and positive) perturbation $V,$ there is only one coupling resonance function, which is a Herglotz function. This case has been studied in depth in the literature, and appears in different situations, such as Sturm-Liouville theory, random Schrodinger operators, harnomic and spectral analyses, etc. The general case is complicated by the fact that the resonance functions are no longer single valued holomorphic functions, and potentially can have quite an erratic behaviour, typical for infinitely-valued holomorphic functions. Of special interest are those coupling resonance functions $r_z$ which approach a real number $r_{lambda+i0}$ from the interval $[0,1]$ as the spectral parameter $z=lambda+iy$ approaches a point $lambda$ of the essential spectrum, since they are responsible for spectral flow through $lambda$ inside essential spectrum when $H_0$ gets deformed to $H_1 = H_0+V$ via the path $H_0 + rV, r in [0,1].$ In this paper it is shown that if the pair $H_0,$ $V$ satisfies the limiting absorption principle, then the coupling resonance functions are well-behaved near the essential spectrum in the following sense. Let $I$ be an open interval inside the essential spectrum of $H_0$ and $epsilon>0.$ Then there exists a compact subset~$K$ of~$I$ such that $| I setminus K | < epsilon,$ and $K$ has a non-tangential neighbourhood in the upper complex half-plane, such that any coupling resonance function is either single-valued in the neighbourhood, or does not take a real value in the interval $[0,1].$
This paper is a continuation of the study of spectral flow inside essential spectrum initiated in cite{AzSFIES}. Given a point $lambda$ outside the essential spectrum of a self-adjoint operator $H_0,$ the resonance set, $mathcal R(lambda),$ is an ana
lytic variety which consists of self-adjoint relatively compact perturbations $H_0+V$ of $H_0,$ for which $lambda$ is an eigenvalue. One may ask for criteria for the vector $V$ to be tangent to the resonance set. Such criteria were given in cite{AzSFnRI}. In this paper we study similar criteria for the case of $lambda$ inside the essential spectrum of $H_0.$ For the case $lambda in sigma_{ess}(H_0)$ the resonance set is defined in terms of the well-known limiting absorption principle. Among the results of this paper is that the resonance set contains plenty of straight lines, moreover, given any regular relatively compact perturbation $V$ there exists a finite rank self-adjoint operator, $tilde V,$ such that the straight line $H_0 + mathbb R(V-tilde V)$ belongs to the resonance set. Another result of this paper is that inside the essential spectrum there exist plenty of transversal to the resonance set perturbations $V$ which have order $geq 2,$ in contrast to what happens outside the essential spectrum, cite{AzSFnRI}.
Given a self-adjoint operator H, a self-adjoint trace class operator V and a fixed Hilbert-Schmidt operator F with trivial kernel and co-kernel, using limiting absorption principle an explicit set of full Lebesgue measure is defined such that for all
points of this set the wave and the scattering matrices can be defined and constructed unambiguously. Many well-known properties of the wave and scattering matrices and operators are proved, including the stationary formula for the scattering matrix. This new abstract scattering theory allows to prove that for any trace class perturbations of arbitrary self-adjoint operators the singular part of the spectral shift function is an almost everywhere integer-valued function.
It has been shown recently that spectral flow admits a natural integer-valued extension to essential spectrum. This extension admits four different interpretations; two of them are singular spectral shift function and total resonance index. In this w
ork we study resonance index outside essential spectrum. Among results of this paper are the following. 1. Total resonance index satisfies Robbin-Salamon axioms for spectral flow. 2. Direct proof of equality total resonance index = intersection number. 3. Direct proof of equality total resonance index = total Fredholm index. 4. (a) Criteria for a perturbation~$V$ to be tangent to the~resonance set at a point~$H,$ where the resonance set is the infinite-dimensional variety of self-adjoint perturbations of the initial self-adjoint operator~$H_0$ which have~$lambda$ as an eigenvalue. (b) Criteria for the order of tangency of a perturbation~$V$ to the resonance set. 5. Investigation of the root space of the compact operator $(H_0+sV-lambda)^{-1}V$ corresponding to an eigenvalue $(s-r_lambda)^{-1},$ where $H_0+r_lambda V$ is a point of the resonance set. This analysis gives a finer information about behaviour of discrete spectrum compared to spectral flow. Finally, many results of this paper are non-trivial even in finite dimensions, in which case they can be and were tested in numerical experiments.
In this paper we prove for rank one perturbations that negative two times reciprocal of the imaginary part of resonance point is equal to the rate of change of the scattering phase as a function of the coupling constant, where the coupling constant i
s equal to the real part of the resonance point. This equality is in agreement with Breit-Wigner formula from quantum scattering theory. For general relatively trace class perturbations, we also give a formula for the spectral shift function in terms of resonance points, non-real and real.
In this work we describe a simple MATLAB based language which allows to create randomized multiple choice questions with minimal effort. This language has been successfully tested at Flinders University by the author in a number of mathematics topics
including Numerical Analysis, Abstract Algebra and Partial Differential Equations. The open source code of Spike is available at: https://github.com/NurullaAzamov/Spike. Enquiries about Spike should be sent to [email protected]
It is a well-known result of T.,Kato that given a continuous path of square matrices of a fixed dimension, the eigenvalues of the path can be chosen continuously. In this paper, we give an infinite-dimensional analogue of this result, which naturally
arises in the context of the so-called unitary spectral flow. This provides a new approach to spectral flow, which seems to be missing from the literature. It is the purpose of the present paper to fill in this gap.
With the essential spectrum of a self-adjoint operator given a relatively trace class perturbation one can associate an integer-valued invariant which admits different descriptions as the singular spectral shift function, total resonance index, and s
ingular $mu$-invariant. In this paper we give a direct proof of the equality of the total resonance index and singular $mu$-invariant assuming only the limiting absorption principle. The proof is based on an application of the argument principle to the poles and zeros of the analytic continuation of the scattering matrix considered as a function of the coupling parameter.
The spectral flow is a classical notion of functional analysis and differential geometry which was given different interpretations as Fredholm index, Witten index, and Maslov index. The classical theory treats spectral flow outside the essential spec
trum. Inside essential spectrum, the spectral shift function could be considered as a proper analogue of spectral flow, but unlike the spectral flow, the spectral shift function is not an integer-valued function. In this paper it is shown that the notion of spectral flow admits a natural integer-valued extension for a.e. value of the spectral parameter inside essential spectrum too and appropriate theory is developed. The definition of spectral flow inside essential spectrum given in this paper applies to the classical spectral flow and thus gives one more new alternative definition of it.
In this paper we give a new and constructive approach to stationary scattering theory for pairs of self-adjoint operators $H_0$ and $H_1$ on a Hilbert space $mathcal H$ which satisfy the following conditions: (i) for any open bounded subset $Delta$ o
f $mathbb R,$ the operators $F E_Delta^{H_0}$ and $F E_Delta^{H_1}$ are Hilbert-Schmidt and (ii) $V = H_1- H_0$ is bounded and admits decomposition $V = F^*JF,$ where $F$ is a bounded operator with trivial kernel from $mathcal H$ to another Hilbert space $mathcal K$ and $J$ is a bounded self-adjoint operator on $mathcal K.$ An example of a pair of operators which satisfy these conditions is the Schrodinger operator $H_0 = -Delta + V_0$ acting on $L^2(mathbb R^ u),$ where $V_0$ is a potential of class $K_ u$ (see B.,Simon, {it Schrodinger semigroups,} Bull. AMS 7, 1982, 447--526) and $H_1 = H_0 + V_1,$ where $V_1 in L^infty(mathbb R^ u) cap L^1(mathbb R^ u).$ Among results of this paper is a new proof of existence and completeness of wave operators $W_pm(H_1,H_0)$ and a new constructive proof of stationary formula for the scattering matrix. This approach to scattering theory is based on explicit diagonalization of a self-adjoint operator $H$ on a sheaf of Hilbert spaces $EuScript S(H,F)$ associated with the pair $(H,F)$ and with subsequent construction and study of properties of wave matrices $w_pm(lambda; H_1,H_0)$ acting between fibers $mathfrak h_lambda(H_0,F)$ and $mathfrak h_lambda(H_1,F)$ of sheaves $EuScript S(H_0,F)$ and $EuScript S(H_1,F)$ respectively. The wave operators $W_pm(H_1,H_0)$ are then defined as direct integrals of wave matrices and are proved to coincide with classical time-dependent definition of wave operators.
